Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): Chemistry, Functionality, and Applications

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Preface
About the Editor
List of Contributors
Chapter 1 Introduction to Handbook of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): Chemistry, Functionality, and Applications
1.1 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Health-Enhancing Plants
1.2 Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): Chemistry, Functionality, and Applications
1.3 Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Market
1.4 Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) in the International Scientific Literature
1.5 Aims and Features of the Book
References
Section I Coriander
Chapter 2 Coriander Cultivation and Agricultural Practices
2.1 Introduction
2.2 History and Origin
2.3 Production Practices
2.4 Morphology
2.5 Phytochemistry
2.6 Pharmacological Uses
2.6.1 Antioxidant Properties
2.6.2 Antimicrobial Effects
2.7 Traditional/Medicinal Benefits
2.8 Cultivation
2.8.1 Varieties
2.8.2 Field Preparation
2.8.3 Sowing
2.8.4 Pest and Diseases
2.9 Harvesting
2.10 Postharvest Technology
2.10.1 Drying
2.10.2 Oil Extraction
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 3 Greenhouse Production of Coriander
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Importance of Coriander in Worldwide and in Brazil
3.3 Cultivation of Coriander in a Protected Environment
3.3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages
3.3.2 Cultivation Techniques
3.4 Production of Coriander under Different Growing Conditions in a Protected Environment
3.5 Water Productivity of Coriander in a Protected Environment
3.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4 Production of Coriander Using the Hydroponic Technique
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Hydroponic Systems Used in Coriander Cultivation
4.2.1 Hydroponic Systems Components
4.2.2 Oxygenation versus Temperature and Circulation Frequency of the Nutrient Solution
4.3 Coriander Sowing Density
4.4 Coriander Cultivation Subjected to Isolated and/or Combined Stresses of Salinity and Root-Zone Temperature
4.5 Salinity Tolerance of Coriander under Hydroponic Conditions
4.6 Water Use Efficiency of the Hydroponic Coriander
4.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 5 Coriander Transcriptome: Trends, Scope, and Utilization for Coriander Improvement
5.1 Coriandrum sativum
5.2 Coriander Importance
5.3 Transcriptomes
5.4 Transcriptome in Biotic and Abiotic Stress
5.5 Other Transcriptome Studies
5.6 Non-Coding RNA
5.7 Molecular Markers
5.8 Plastid Sequences
5.9 Coriander Genomics Database (CGDB)
5.10 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives
References
Chapter 6 Morphological Characteristics of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Scientific Classification of the Plant
6.2 Common Names
6.3 Distribution
6.4 Morphological Features
6.4.1 Root
6.4.2 Stem
6.4.3 Leaves
6.4.4 Inflorescence
6.4.5 Flower
6.4.5.1 Calyx
6.4.5.2 Corella
6.4.5.3 Androecium
6.4.5.4 Gyencium
6.5 Fruits
References
Chapter 7 Morphological and Physiological Characterization of Coriandrum sativum L. under Different Concentrations of Lead
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Experimental Design
7.2.1 Analysis of Soil Texture
7.2.2 Morphological and Plant Biomass Attributes
7.2.2.1 Total Height of Plants = Root Length + Shoot Length (cm plant–1)
7.2.2.2 Number of Branches per Plant and Height of First Branch
7.2.2.3 Stem Diameter (mm)
7.2.2.4 Analysis of Chlorophyll/SPAD Contents
7.2.2.5 Biomass Plant–1 (Root + Shoot Fresh Weight and Dry Weight = Total Plant Fresh and Dry Weight)
7.3 Yield Attributes
7.3.1 Number of Umbels Plant–1
7.3.2 Number of Umbellets Umbel–1
7.3.3 Number of Flowers Umbel–1
7.3.4 Number of Seeds Umbel–1
7.3.5 Fruit Numbers
7.4 Biochemical Analysis
7.4.1 Essential Oil Content
7.4.2 Determination of Essential Oil Components
7.4.3 Assessment of Photosynthetic Pigments
7.5 Conclusion
7.5.1 Recommendations
References
Chapter 8 Structural Composition of Coriander Seed
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Coriander Seeds’ Proximate Composition
8.3 Coriander Seeds’ Bioactive Constituents
8.3.1 Phytochemical Analysis
8.3.2 Volatile Constituents
8.3.3 Non-Volatile Constituents
8.4 Food Uses
8.5 Biological Activity of Coriander Seeds
8.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9 Phytochemicals and Secondary Metabolites of Coriander
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Coriander Seeds
9.2.1 Essential Oil
9.2.1.1 Odor-Active Compounds
9.2.2 Lipids
9.2.3 Polyphenols
9.3 Cilantro
9.3.1 Essential Oil
9.3.1.1 Odor-Active Compounds
9.3.2 Lipids
9.3.3 Polyphenols
9.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10 Antimicrobial Activity of Coriander
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Botanical Description of Coriander
10.3 Uses of Coriander
10.4 Antimicrobial Activities of Coriander
10.4.1 Antibacterial Activity of Coriander
10.4.2 Antifungal Activity of Coriander
10.4.3 Other Antimicrobial Activities of Coriander
10.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11 Coriander as Antioxidant in Biological Animal Models
11.1 Introduction
11.1.1 Historical Background and Occurrence
11.1.2 Classification
11.1.3 Constituents
11.1.3.1 Fresh Coriander Leaves
11.1.3.2 Coriander Seeds
11.2 Antioxidant Behavior of Coriander
11.3 Mechanism of Action of Coriander as Antioxidant
11.4 Coriander in Biological Animal Models
11.4.1 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect in Liver Model
11.4.1.1 Liver Model of Albino Mice
11.4.1.2 Liver Model of Rabbits
11.4.1.3 Liver Model of Wistar Rats
11.4.1.4 Liver and Kidney Model of Rabbits
11.4.1.5 Liver and Kidney Model of Mice
11.4.2 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect in Growth
11.4.3 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect in Kidney Model
11.4.3.1 Renal and Hypertension
11.4.4 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect in the Nervous System Model
11.4.4.1 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect against Alzheimer’s
11.4.4.2 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect against Neurodegeneration
11.4.4.3 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect against Epilepsy
11.4.4.4 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect against Anxiety
11.4.5 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect in Cardiac and Lipolytic Model
11.4.5.1 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect against Myocardial Infarction Model
11.4.5.2 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect against a Hyperlipidemic Model
11.4.6 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect in the Reproductive Model
11.4.6.1 In Testicular Injury of Mice Model
11.4.6.2 Post-Coital Antifertility Activity in Female Rats Model
11.4.7 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect for Microflora
11.4.8 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect in Diabetes
11.4.9 Coriander Antioxidant Effect in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
11.4.10 Coriander’s Antioxidant Effect in Gastric Mucosal Protection
11.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Neuroprotective Potency of Coriander
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Chemical Compositional of Coriander
12.3 Sedative, Anti-Anxiety, and Anti-Depressive Properties of Coriander and Linalool
12.3.1 Coriander
12.3.2 Linalool
12.4 Anticonvulsant and Anti-Seizure Effects of Coriander and Linalool
12.4.1 Coriander
12.4.2 Linalool
12.5 Memory Improving Effects of Coriander and Linalool
12.5.1 Coriander
12.5.2 Linalool
12.6 Anti-Parkinson Effects
12.7 The Effects of Coriander and Linalool on Neurotoxicity
12.7.1 Coriander
12.7.2 Linalool
12.7.3 Beta-Myrcene
12.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13 Pharmaceutical Applications of Coriander in Neurodegenerative Disorders
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Methodology
13.3 Neuroprotective Potential of C. sativum
13.3.1 Antidepression
13.3.2 Anti-Anxiety Activity
13.3.3 Anti-Alzheimer’s Activity
13.3.4 Anti-Epileptic and Anti-Convulsant Activity
13.3.5 Anti-Parkinson Activity
13.3.6 Anti-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Activity
13.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14 Pharmaceutical Applications of Coriander
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Pharmaceutical Potential of Coriander
14.2.1 Cardioprotective Potential
14.2.2 Antihypertensive Potential
14.2.3 Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity
14.2.4 Anti-Anthelmintic Activity
14.2.5 Anti-Bacterial Activity
14.2.6 Anti-Fungal Activity
14.2.7 Antioxidant Activity
14.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15 Coriander and Physiological Systems of the Body
15.1 Introduction
15.1.1 Background
15.1.2 Occurrence
15.1.3 Optimum Temperature
15.2 Constituents and Medicinal Uses
15.3 Physiological Systems of the Body
15.4 Coriander and Physiological Systems of the Body
15.4.1 Circulatory System
15.4.2 Nervous System
15.4.3 Growth and Musculoskeletal System
15.4.4 Renal System
15.4.5 Integumentary System
15.4.6 Hepatic System
15.4.7 Gastrointestinal System
15.4.7.1 Glycemic Index and Lipid Profile
15.4.7.2 Gastric Ulcer and Heavy Metal Absorption
15.4.8 Hematological System
15.4.9 Immune System
15.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16 Non-Food Applications of Coriander Seeds and Leaves
Abbreviations
16.1 Introduction
16.1.1 Origin
16.2 Physicochemical Composition
16.2.1 Leaves and Seeds
16.2.2 Essential Oil
16.2.3 Fatty Acids
16.2.4 Uses in the Food Industry
16.3 Non-Food Applications
16.3.1 Traditional Medicine
16.3.2 Biological Uses of Coriander
16.3.3 Uses as Biodiesel
16.3.4 Uses in the Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles
16.4 Modern Research in the Medicinal Traits of Coriander
16.4.1 Antioxidant Activity
16.4.2 Antibacterial Properties
16.4.3 Anthelmintic Activity
16.4.4 Antidiabetic Activity
16.4.5 Anticholesterol Activity
16.4.6 Antimutagenicity
16.4.7 Immunomodulatory Activity
16.4.8 Anxiolytic and Sedative Effects
16.4.9 Diuretic Effect
16.4.10 Antifertility Activity
16.4.11 Prevention of Heavy Metal Deposition
16.4.12 Effects on Bowel Disorders
16.4.13 Effects on the Lipid Composition of Meat
16.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 17 Heavy Metals Detoxification Using Coriander
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Heavy Metals Phytoremediation by Coriander
17.2.1 Coriander and Lead (Pb) Detoxification
17.2.2 Coriander and Mercury (Hg) Detoxification
17.2.3 Coriander and Arsenic (As) Detoxification
17.2.4 Coriander and Nickel (Ni) Detoxification
17.2.5 Coriander and Cadmium (Cd) Detoxification
17.2.6 Coriander and Iron (Fe) Detoxification
17.2.7 Coriander and Other HMs Detoxification
17.3 Future Perspectives and Conclusions
References
Chapter 18 Coriander in Poultry Feed
18.1 Introduction
18.1.1 Description of Coriander
18.1.2 Physicochemical Properties of Coriander
18.2 Poultry Feed and Challenges to the Poultry Industry
18.2.1 Components of Poultry Feed
18.2.2 Effects of Antibiotics in Poultry Feed
18.2.2.1 Antibiotic Resistance
18.2.2.2 Antibiotic Residues in Poultry Products
18.2.2.3 Environment Contamination
18.2.2.4 Human Health Concerns
18.2.3 Ban on Antibiotics in Poultry Feed
18.2.4 Future Trend of Antibiotic Use in Poultry Feed
18.3 Benefits of Using Coriander in Poultry Feed
18.3.1 Improve Gastrointestinal Health
18.3.2 Improve Growth Performance
18.3.3 Increase Carcass Yield
18.3.4 Stimulate Immune Response
18.3.5 Impacts on Hematological Parameters
18.3.6 Impacts on Serum Biochemistry Parameter
18.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 19 Coriander in Fish Feed
19.1 A Brief Introduction to Fish Feed
19.2 Contents Present in Fish Feed
19.2.1 Protein
19.2.2 Carbohydrates
19.2.3 Lipids
19.2.4 Vitamins
19.2.5 Minerals
19.2.6 Computer Formulation of Fish Feed
19.3 Plant-Based Fish Feed
19.4 Coriander and Its Properties
19.5 Coriander in Fish Feed
19.6 Impact of Coriander on the Immune System of the Fish
19.7 Impact of Coriander on the Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Fish
19.8 Consumer Perspective on Plant-Based Fish Feed
19.9 Future Directions
19.10 Conclusion
References
Chapter 20 Coriander Straw and Press Cake from Seeds: Compositions and Possible Uses in the Field of Bio-Sourced Materials
20.1 Introduction
20.1.1 Generalities
20.1.2 Potential of Press Cake from Coriander Seeds in the Field of Bio-Sourced Materials
20.1.3 Potential of Coriander Straw in the Field of Bio-Sourced Materials
20.1.4 Structure of the Chapter
20.2 Generation of Coriander Press Cake from Seeds When Extracting Vegetable Oil through Mechanical Pressing
20.2.1 Oil Extraction Efficiency as a Function of the Operating Conditions
20.2.2 Liquid Fractions Obtained during the Mechanical Pressing of Coriander Seeds, and Their Possible Uses
20.3 Bio-Sourced Materials from the Coriander Press Cake
20.3.1 Chemical Composition
20.3.2 Possible Valorizations Other than in the Field of Bio-Sourced Materials
20.3.3 Bio-Sourced Materials through Thermopressing and Thermomolding
20.3.4 Improvement of Particleboard Properties Thanks to the Extraction of Residual Oil from the Cake before Hot Pressing
20.4 Bio-Sourced Materials from Coriander Straw
20.4.1 Valorization Scheme for Coriander Straw and Its Chemical Composition
20.4.2 Hardboards (i.e., Fiberboards with High Density)
20.4.3 Insulation Blocks (i.e., Fiberboards with Low Density)
20.4.4 Injected or Extruded Composite Parts
20.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 21 Composition and Functionality of Coriander Root
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Agro-Climatic Conditions for Coriander Cultivation and Plant Morphology
21.3 Composition of Coriander Roots
21.3.1 Fatty Acid Composition
21.3.2 Essential Oils
21.3.3 Antioxidants
21.4 Functionalities of Coriander
21.4.1 Antioxidant Activity
21.4.2 Anti-Proliferative Activity
21.4.3 Inhibitory Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced MCF-7 Cell Migration and DNA Protection
21.4.4 Antibacterial Activity
21.4.5 Antifungal Activity
21.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 22 Coriandrum sativum L. Root Phytochemicals
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Botanical Description and Traditional Usage of Coriander
22.3 Coriander Roots
22.3.1 Why Are Coriander Roots So Important?
22.4 Phytochemical Components of Coriander Roots
22.4.1 Terpenoids and Volatile Constituents
22.4.2 Phenolics
22.4.3 Fatty Acids
22.5 Biological Activity of Coriander Roots
22.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 23 Composition and Functionality of Agriculture Waste from Coriander Plant
23.1 Introduction
23.2 History of Coriander
23.3 Industrial Waste of Coriander
23.4 Biological Activity of Coriander Waste
23.5 Isolation of Coriander Essential Oil (CEO) from Waste
23.6 Composition of Coriander Waste Oil (CWO)
23.7 Future Prospects of Coriander Waste
23.8 Conclusion
References
Section II Coriander Leaves
Chapter 24 Bioactive Compounds of Coriander Leaves
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Micronutrient Composition
24.2.1 Carotenoids
24.2.2 Polyphenols
24.2.3 Chlorophyll
24.2.4 Fatty Acids
24.2.5 Bioactive Volatile Compounds
24.3 Application of Coriander Leaves
24.3.1 Essential Oil
24.3.2 Antioxidant Activity
24.3.3 Antimicrobial Activity
24.3.4 Arthritis Management
24.3.5 Memory-Enhancing
24.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 25 A Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Nutritional Relevance, and Potential Applications of Coriandrum sativum L. Waste/By-Products
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Phytochemicals from Coriander Wastes/By-Products
25.2.1 Production of Coriander Wastes/By-Products
25.2.2 Chemistry of Coriander Wastes/By-Products
25.3 Nutritional Value and Health Benefits of Coriander Waste/By-Products: The Neglected Source
25.3.1 Dietary Fibers
25.3.2 Ash and Minerals
25.3.3 Fatty Acids, Phytosterols, and Tocols
25.3.4 Proteins
25.3.5 Secondary Metabolites
25.4 Current and Prospective Applications
25.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 26 Food Applications of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Leaves
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Phytochemical Constituents in Coriander Leaves
26.2.1 Lipids
26.2.2 Polyphenols
26.2.3 Essential Oil
26.3 Processing of Coriander Leaves for Food Applications
26.4 Preservation of Coriander Leaves for Food Application
26.5 Use of Fresh Coriander Leaves in Different Regions of the World
26.6 Coriander Leaves as a Functional Food
26.6.1 Antioxidant Activity
26.6.2 Antimicrobial Activity
26.6.3 Antifungal Activity
26.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 27 Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles from Coriander Extract
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles
27.2.1 Role of Plants in Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles
27.3 Chemistry of CS
27.4 Application of CS Extract in the Synthesis of Metal-NPs
27.4.1 Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)
27.4.2 Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)
27.4.3 Copper Nanoparticles (CuNPs)
27.4.4 Nickel Nanoparticles (NiNPs)
27.4.5 Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs)
27.4.6 Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (CeO2-NPs)
27.4.7 Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (FeO3-NPs)
27.4.8 Carbon Dot Nanoparticles (CDs-NPs)
27.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 28 Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles from Coriander Leaf Extract
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Overview of Green Synthesis of NPs
28.3 Bioactive Constituents in Coriander Leaves
28.4 Green Synthesis of NPs Using Coriander Leaf Extracts
28.4.1 Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles
28.4.2 Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
28.4.3 Characterization Techniques of Nanoparticles
28.4.4 Mechanism of Formation of Nanoparticles Using Coriander Leaf Extract
28.5 Biological Evaluation of NPs Synthesized from Coriander Leaves
28.6 Conclusion
References
Section III Coriander Fixed Oil
Chapter 29 Composition and Functionality of Coriander Fixed Oil
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Composition of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Fixed Oil
29.2.1 Oil Content
29.3 Fatty Acid and Acyl Lipids Profile
29.3.1 Triglycerides and Fatty Acids
29.3.2 Polar Lipids
29.4 Minor Bioactive Lipids
29.4.1 Tocopherols and Tocotrienols
29.4.2 Phytosterols
29.4.3 Phenolics
29.4.4 Volatiles
29.5 Functionality of Coriander Oil
29.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 30 Effect of Processing on the Composition and Quality of Coriander Fixed Oil
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Extraction of Coriander Fixed Oil (CFO)
30.3 Chemical Composition and Quality of CFO
30.3.1 Nutritional Aspects
30.3.2 Major Chemical Constituents
30.3.3 Minor Chemical Constituents
30.4 Processing
30.5 Functional Aspects
30.6 Biological Activity of Coriander Fixed Oil (CFO)
30.6.1 Anti-Microbial Activity
30.6.2 Antioxidant Activity
30.6.3 Antifungal Activity
30.6.4 Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity
30.6.5 Anti-Anxiety Effect
30.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 31 Food Applications of Coriander Fixed Oil
31.1 Introduction
31.2 Meat and Meat Products
31.3 Vegetable Oils
31.4 Fruit and Vegetables
31.5 Edible Films and Packaging Material
31.6 Other Food Applications
31.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 32 Non-Food Applications of Coriander Fixed Oil
32.1 Introduction
32.2 World Production and Consumption
32.3 Chemical Composition of Coriander
32.4 Fixed Oil Profile of Coriander
32.5 Coriander Oil and Biodiesel Production
32.6 Coriander and Fiber
32.7 Coriander Oil Press Cake
32.8 Applications of Coriander Oil in Packaging
32.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 33 Health-Promoting Activities of Coriander Fixed Oil
33.1 Introduction
33.2 Antioxidant Properties of Coriander Fixed Oil
33.3 Health-Promoting Activities of Coriander Fixed Oil
33.4 Conclusion
References
Section IV Coriander Essential Oil
Chapter 34 Composition and Functionality of Coriander Essential Oil
34.1 Introduction
34.2 Extraction Techniques
34.2.1 Conventional Extraction Techniques
34.2.2 Nonconventional Techniques
34.3 Extraction of the Coriander Seeds and Optimization of the Process
34.4 Chemical Composition of Coriander Essential Oil
34.5 Biological Activity of Coriander
34.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 35 Effect of Agricultural Processes and Practices on the Composition and Quality of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Essential Oil
35.1 Introduction
35.2 Agricultural Processes
35.3 Postharvest Processes
35.4 Genetic Factors
35.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 36 Antimicrobial Activity of Coriander and Its Application in the Food Industry
36.1 Introduction
36.2 Antimicrobial Activity
36.3 Antifungal Activity
36.4 Other Antimicrobial Activities
36.5 Coriander Oil in Food Preservation
36.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 37 Encapsulation of Coriander Essential Oil
37.1 Introduction
37.2 Physical Description of Coriander Seeds (CS)
37.3 Different Extraction Methods of Coriander Essential Oil (CEO)
37.3.1 Hydrodistillation
37.3.2 Microwave-Assisted Hydrothiolation
37.3.3 Supercritical Fluid Extraction
37.3.4 Comparison of Extraction Methods
37.4 Composition of CEO
37.5 Fatty Acid Profile and Oxidative Stability of CEO
37.6 Functional Applications of CEO
37.7 Encapsulation of Coriander Essential Oil
37.7.1 Complex Coacervation Technique
37.7.2 Spray Drying Technique
37.7.3 Fluidized-Bed Drying Technique
37.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 38 Non-Food Applications of Coriandrum sativum Essential Oil
38.1 Introduction
38.2 Extraction and Processing of Specific Essential Oil
38.3 Concentration and Chemistry of Coriander Essential Oil
38.4 Ethno-Medicinal Importance of Coriander Essential Oil
38.5 Applications in the Pharmaceutical Industry
38.5.1 Antimicrobial Applications
38.5.2 Antioxidant Applications
38.5.3 Anticonvulsant Applications
38.5.4 Anthelmentic Applications
38.5.5 Sedative-Hypnotic Applications
38.5.6 Hypoglycemic Applications
38.5.7 Applications in Menstrual Disorders
38.5.8 Applications in Heart Diseases
38.5.9 Applications in Drugs to Reduce Heavy Metal Contamination
References
Section V Coriander Extracts
Chapter 39 Food Applications of Coriander Seed Extracts
39.1 Introduction
39.2 Nutritional Composition of Coriander
39.3 Coriander Contamination
39.4 Chemistry of Coriander Seed Extract
39.5 Coriander Extract as Source of Essential Oils
39.6 Commercial Uses of Coriander
39.6.1 Uses as a Food Constituent
39.6.2 Non-Food Uses
39.6.3 Food Preservation and Anti-Spoilage
39.6.4 Antibacterial Activity
39.7 Pharmacological Properties of Coriander
39.7.1 Hepatoprotective
39.8 Biological Properties of Coriander Seed Extract
39.8.1 Anti-Inflammation
39.8.2 Phenol and Flavonoid
39.8.3 Antioxidant Activity
39.8.4 Anti-Diabetic Properties
39.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 40 Health-Promoting Activities of Coriander Seed Extracts
40.1 Introduction
40.2 Materials and Methods
40.2.1 Location and Study Period
40.2.2 Preparation of Aqueous Extract of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum)
40.2.3 Experimental Animals
40.2.4 Ethical Permission
40.2.5 Experimental Groups
40.2.6 Gross Observation
40.2.7 Histological Study
40.2.8 Statistical Analysis
40.3 Results
40.3.1 Body Weight
40.3.2 Weight and Length of Different Organs of Mice
40.3.2.1 Liver
40.3.2.2 Kidney
40.3.2.3 Testis
40.3.3 Gross Observation
40.3.3.1 Liver
40.3.3.2 Kidney
40.3.3.3 Testis
40.3.4 Histological Observation
40.3.4.1 Liver
40.3.4.2 Kidney
40.3.4.3 Testis
40.4 Discussion
40.4.1 Body Weight
40.4.2 Length and Weight of Liver, Kidney, and Testis
40.4.3 Gross Observation
40.4.4 Histological Observation
40.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 41 Coriander Extract in Biopolymer Applications
41.1 Introduction
41.2 Extracts
41.3 Obtaining Coriander Extract
41.4 Bioactives from Coriander Used in Polymer Applications
41.5 Food Coatings
41.6 Food Packaging
41.7 Use as Antioxidants
41.8 Biopolymers from Coriander Extract in Medical Applications
41.9 Polymeric Applications of Specific Compounds from Coriander Extract
41.9.1 Petroselinic Acid
41.9.2 Linalool
41.9.3 Rutin
41.10 Future Directions
41.11 Conclusion
References
Chapter 42 Non-Food Applications of Coriander Seed Extracts
42.1 Introduction
42.2 Ethnopharmacology
42.3 Medicinal Activities of Coriander Seed Extracts
42.3.1 Antibacterial Activity
42.3.2 Antifungal Activity
42.3.3 Antioxidant Activity
42.3.4 Anxiolytic Activity
42.3.5 Sedative and Hypnotic Activities
42.3.6 Effect on Learning and Memory
42.3.7 Anti-Cancer Activity
42.3.8 Antidiabetic Activities
42.3.9 Anti-Inflammatory Activity
42.3.10 Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity
42.3.11 Analgesic and Antinociceptive Activity
42.3.12 Antiarthritic Activity
42.3.13 Anthelmintic Activity
42.4 Non-Medicinal Activities of Coriander Seeds
42.4.1 Preservative
42.4.2 Metal Chelation
42.5 Chemistry of Coriandrum sativum
42.5.1 Coriander Volatile Oil
42.5.2 Coriander Fixed Oil
References
Index