Frontiers of Shock Wave Research

Preface
Contents
My Walk in the Field of Shock Waves
References
My Adventure with Mach Reflection—A Tribute to Professor Sakurai
References
The Background of My Studies of Shock and Blast Waves
1 Introduction
2 Defence Research Establishment Suffield
3 Operation Sailor Hat
4 University of Victoria
5 Particle Trajectory Analysis
6 Shock Wave Reflection
7 International Symposia
References
Research Activities at the Wisconsin Shock Tube Laboratory
1 History
2 Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability
Experiments with Membranes
Experiments with Retracting Plate
Experiments with Pistons
Experiments with Shear Layer (Single-Shot PLIF)
Experiments with Shear Layer (Concurrent, Single-Shot PLIF/PIV)
Experiments with Shear Layer (High-Speed PLIF)
Experiments with Shear Layer (Concurrent, High-Speed PLIF/PIV)
3 Shock-Accelerated Bubbles
Non-Reactive Bubbles
Chemically-Reactive Bubbles
4 Shock-Accelerated Vortex Rings
5 Conclusions
References
Flow Formation Around a Body in the Area of Interference of Two Blast Waves
1 Blast Wave Simulation in a Shock Tube
2 Interaction of Two Successive Blast Waves with a Straight Wedge
3 Flow Around the Cylinder in the Area of the Interference of the Two Blast Waves
References
Interaction of Small Scale Blast Waves with a Sphere, Cones, and an Ellipsoid
1 Introduction
2 Experiment
Small Scale Explosion
Blast Wave Simulator
Test Models
Numerical Simulation
3 Results and Discussion
An 80 mm Sphere
40° Apex Angle Cone
60° Apex Angle Cones Combined in Diamond Shape
A 60 mm Minor Diameter and 90 mm Major Diameter Ellipsoid
4 Concluding Remarks
References
Mach Waves Occurring Over a Backward Facing Edge in Supersonic Flow
1 Introduction
2 Cavity Investigations at UNSW Canberra
Wind Tunnel Setup and Operation
Cavity Geometry
Schlieren Method
Cavity Schlieren Visualizations
3 Similarity Between Jet and Cavity Shear Layer
Jet-Produced Mach Waves
Cavity-Produced Mach Waves
Oertel’s Theory
4 Comparison with Oertel’s Theory
Long Fetch with Turbulent Plate Boundary Layer
Short Fetch with Laminar/Transitional Plate Boundary Layer
5 Existence of Mach Waves
6 Comparison with CFD-Calculations
7 Summary and Conclusions
References
Medical Application of Miniaturized Underwater Shock Wave Focusing
1 Introduction
2 Underwater Shock Wave Generation Method
Laser Induced Micro Shock Waves in Water
Configuration of Fiber Tip
Energy Distribution of Laser Beam
Pressure Measurement
Visualization
Modification of the Shock Wave Reflector
3 Results and Discussion
Laser Beam Focus
Generation of Laser Induced Shock Wave
Geometry of Shock Wave Front.
Threshold of Cell Injury Induced by Focused Shock Wave.
4 Summary
References
Experimental Demonstration on High-Speed Gas Gun Driven by a Gaseous Detonation
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Setup and Conditions
3 Experimental Results
Single-Stage Gas Gun (Effect of Length of the Detonation Tube)
Single-Stage Gas Gun (Effect of Composition of Combustible Mixture)
Single-Stage Gas Gun (Effect of the Projectile Diameter)
Two-Stage Light Gas Gun
4 Conclusions
References
Shock Interactions with Solid Objects; from Simple to Complex Geometries
1 Planar Shock Reflection
2 Mach Reflection
3 Rectangular Block Interaction
4 Shock Interaction with a Baffle System
5 Blast Wave Formation
6 Blast Wave Interaction with a Realistic Structure
7 Finite Duration Effects
8 Effect of Structure Response
9 A Complex Structure Load Example
10 Summary
Experimental Study of Generation and Mitigation of Weak Shock Waves Induced in Intake and Exhaust Pipe Lines of Automobile Engines
1 Introduction
2 Presence of the Shock Waves in Exhaust Gas Pipe Lines [1–3]
Characteristics of Unpleasant Noises in Exhaust Gas Pipe Lines
Pressure Measurements
Optical Flow Visualization
Streak Recording
Sequential Observations of Weak Shock Waves in the Test Section
Numerical Simulation
3 Characteristics of Weak Shock Waves in Silencers
Analogue Experiments of Weak Shock Waves in Smooth Wall Silencers
Analogue Experiments of Weak Shock Waves in a Roughened Wall Silencer
Characteristics of Silencer Shape
4 Applications of Shock Wave Characteristic to Exhaust and Intake Systems
Application to a Prototype Engine for Small Cars [4, 5, 7, 9, 10]
Application to Passenger Cars Exhaust Pipe Line Systems [8–10]
Characteristics of Weak Shock Waves Occurring in Intake System [10]
5 Summary
References
Equation of State for Water Based on the Shock Hugoniot Data
1 Thermodynamic Formulation
Introduction
Polynomial Expansion of Thermodynamic Variables
Hugoniot Expression by the Use of the Rankine-Hugoniot Relationship
Application of Linear Relationship Between Shock Velocity and Particle Velocity
2 Tait Equation as an Isentropic Compression Curve
3 Conclusion
References
General Solution of the 2D Navier–Stokes Equations and Its Application to Shock Wave Problems
1 Introduction
2 The 2D Navier–Stokes Equations for Gas in Cylindrical Coordinate System
3 The r-power Expansion
4 Solutions of Eqs. (17)–(20)
5 The Zeroth-Order Solution and Its Use for the Determination of Shock Angles in Mach Reflection
6 Internal Structure of Triple Point
Setting of Boundaries
Solution in Zone (II)
Streamline and Density Distribution Along It
7 Concluding Remarks
References