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Forest and Biomass Harvest and Logistics

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This book explains forest and woody biomass harvest, harvesting machines, systems, logistics, supply chain management, best management practices, harvest scheduling and carbon sequestration. It also covers applications of harvesting principles in forest and biomass management practices. 


The book provides an in-depth understanding of functions and applications of current and future harvesting technologies, the unique characteristics of harvesting machine with respect to cost, productivity, and environmental impacts. Special features include harvest machine illustrations and images of field operations, tabular presentations of filed studies of forest operations and detailed modelling processes for forest and biomass harvest logistics and supply chain management. 


Specifically, the book is designed for students, researchers, educators, and practitioners in the field of forest and biomass harvest and logistics. The book’s contents have been tested in teaching as the Harvesting Forest Product class for undergraduates and graduates in the Division of Forestry and Natural Resources at West Virginia University since 2000. The information contained in this book is a robust reference resource for students who would be future forest and biomass managers, timber contractors, entrepreneurs, researchers, and educators in the fields of forest and biomass operations, engineering, and resource management.

Author(s): Jingxin Wang
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022

Language: English
Pages: 382
City: Cham

Preface
Contents
About the Author
Introduction
1 Introduction and Terminology
1.1 Harvesting System Overview
1.2 Forest and Biomass Procurement, Logistics and Supply Chain
1.3 Precision Forestry, Machine Learning, and Future Harvesting Technologies
References
2 Forest and Biomass Harvesting Business
2.1 Forest and Biomass Supply
2.2 Harvesting Business
2.3 Contractual Services in Harvesting Business
References
Harvesting Techniques and Logistics
3 Felling
3.1 Motor-Manual Felling
3.2 Mechanized Felling
3.3 Field Studies of Felling Operations
References
4 In-Woods Processing
4.1 Delimbing
4.2 Bucking
4.3 Field Assessment of Hardwood Log Bucking and Merchandising Practices
4.4 Bucking Optimization of Tree Stems
References
5 Ground-Based Extraction
5.1 Skidding
5.2 Forwarding
5.3 Shovel Logging and Tether-Assisted Harvesting
5.4 Field Studies of Extraction Operations
References
6 Loading and Transportation
6.1 Loading
6.2 Transportation
6.3 Field Assessment of Loading Efficiency
References
7 Cable and Aerial Harvesting Systems
7.1 Cable Systems
7.2 Aerial Yarding Systems
7.3 A Case Study of Helicopter Logging
References
8 Chipping and Thinning Systems
8.1 Chipping Systems
8.2 A Case Study of Chipping of Mixed Hardwoods
8.3 Thinning Systems
References
9 Biomass Harvesting
9.1 Systems for Logging Residue
9.2 Systems for Short Rotation Woody Crops
9.3 Biomass Harvest Productivity and Analysis
9.4 Economic Modeling and Analysis of Biomass Harvest
9.5 Tools for Biomass Harvesting System Analysis
9.6 Harvesting Small Diameter Hardwood Stands for Biomass Energy
References
10 Interactions of Stands, Harvest, and Machines
10.1 Factors Affecting Interactions of Harvests, Stands, and Machines
10.2 Interactive Log Damages Associated with Harvesting Systems
10.3 Forest Harvesting Simulation
10.4 A Simulation Study of Stand, Machine, and Harvest Interactions
References
Harvesting Logistics Analyses
11 Production Analysis
11.1 Production Estimation
11.2 Time and Motion Study Methods
11.3 Computer-Based Time Study System for Timber Harvesting
11.4 Statistical Modeling of Harvesting Productions
References
12 Cost Analysis
12.1 Machine Rate
12.2 Cash Flow
12.3 Indirect Logging Costs
12.4 Combining Cost and Productivity
References
13 Harvesting System Analysis
13.1 System Analysis
13.2 Spreadsheet Programs for Harvesting System Analysis
References
14 Forest and Biomass Supply Chain Analysis
14.1 Overview of Forest and Biomass Supply Chains
14.2 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Processing Facility Siting
14.3 Supply Chain Optimization
14.4 Supply Chain System Analysis—Economic Feasibility Assessment
14.5 Supply Chain System Analysis—Environmental Impacts Assessment
14.6 A Case Study of Supply Chain Optimization for Multiple Biomass Feedstocks
References
Harvesting Management and Planning
15 Managing Soil and Water Impacts
15.1 Soil and Water Impacts
15.2 Turbidity and Suspended Changes from Stream Crossing Construction
15.3 Soil Bulk Density Changes Caused by Mechanized Harvesting
15.4 Changes in Soil Bulk Density Resulting from Conventional Cable Skidding
15.5 Effects of Soil Compaction on Residual Stand Growth and Understory Regeneration
References
16 Best Management Practices
16.1 Overview of BMPs in the Eastern U.S.
16.2 Assessment and Analysis of Compliance of Forestry Best Management Practices
16.3 Application and Effectiveness of Forestry Best Management Practices
16.4 Economic Assessment of Implementing Streamside Management Zones
16.5 Spatial Analysis of BMPs Application, Effectiveness and Compliance
References
17 Harvest Planning
17.1 Data Needed to Prepare a Harvest Plan
17.2 Steps to Prepare a Harvest Plan
17.3 Harvest Planning Example
References
18 Harvest Scheduling and Carbon Sequestration
18.1 Carbon Sequestration Overview
18.2 Carbon Sequestration Pathways and Costs
18.3 Harvest Scheduling Process
18.4 A Case Study of Carbon Sequestration
References