English Vocabulary: The Basics

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English Vocabulary: The Basics offers a clear, non-jargonistic introduction to English vocabulary, the way linguists classify and explain it, and the place of vocabulary in our overall picture of the language, and in society. Introducing a range of terminology for discussing vocabulary, the reader is provided with a coherent, structured description of what we know about words and their meanings.

Key features of this book include:

• Analysis of historical roots of present-day words

• Coverage of the differences between speech and writing and between formality and informality

• Understanding of the social implications of choices that readers make to use standard or non-standard (e.g., regional/dialect) vocabulary

• A focus on British English with reference to a wide range of varieties of English that include North American English, Irish English, Indian English, Malaysian English, Nigerian English and Caribbean English.

Featuring a glossary of key terms, cartoons and illustrations, further reading, reflection points, interesting "factoids" and examples from corpora from around the world, this book is an engaging and thought-provoking read for anyone with an interest in English vocabulary.

Author(s): Michael McCarthy
Series: The Basics Series
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2022

Language: English
Pages: 198
City: London

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction to the Reader
1 A Word or Two about Words
What Do We Mean By 'Vocabulary'?
The 'English' in English Vocabulary
At Least We Know What Words Are … Don't We?
Spaced Out
Eyes and Ears
It Just Feels Right
I See What You Mean
Morphemes
Taking Words to Pieces
Grammar and Lexis
Words Stick Together
Compounds
Multi-Word Units
Idioms
Collocation
Recipes for New Words
Words Come and Go
Nothing New Under the Sun
Half and Half
Keep It Short
Lending and Borrowing
Corpora: Letting the Data Speak
Using a Corpus
Corpus Example (1): Hard-Working Words
Corpus Example (2): Speaking Versus Writing
Summing up
2 Where Do English Words Come From?
The Dim and Distant Past
The Beginning of English
Anglo-Saxons
Beginning to Look Familiar: Chronicles and Monsters
More Incomers
Vikings
A Big Change: The Normans Arrive
Putting It in Black and White
Telling Tales
Piers Plowman
Into the Modern Era
Language about Language
An Expanding Vocabulary
Circling the World
A Settled Language
Spelling It Out
New Worlds, New Cultures
New Technologies, New Englishes
3 What Does It All Mean?
From Form to Meaning
Wording the World
Making Sense of the Lexicon
Same or Different?
Synonymy
Looks the Same, Sounds the Same, But …
Something Different
Classifying the World
The Upside-Down Tree
Scientifically Speaking
Fuzzy Borders and Stereotypes
An Arm and a Leg: Parts and Wholes
Making Sense in the Real World
Taking Meaning to Pieces
Pluses and Minuses to Everything
Words, the Mind, and the World
Pragmatics: What Do You Mean?
4 Beating about the Bush: Figurative Meaning
Just Imagine
Atoms or Molecules?
Bite-Sized Chunks
Room for Manoeuvre
As Clear as Mud: Idioms
Do You See What I Mean?
In a Nutshell
Idiom-Prone
Look at It This Way
Metaphors
Proverbs and Metaphors
Tropes Galore
Here Comes the Army: Metonymy
No Exaggeration: Hyperbole
A Not Uninteresting Trope: Understatement
Euphemisms
Summary
5 Bear This in Mind: The Mental Lexicon
A Remarkable Achievement
How Did It All Get There? Acquiring Vocabulary
Designing a Human
One Word at a Time
Telegrams from a Child
More Than One Way of Saying Things
Spell It Out
Where Are All Those Words?
Mind and Brain: The Mental Lexicon
How Does It Work?
Faster Than You Can Say Jack Robinson
What Comes Into Your Head?
Just a Slip of the Tongue?
In Two Minds Again
Conclusion
6 Vocabulary in Action
Words Out There
Language Snapshots
Hard Words
Not in Front of the Children
Letting the Machine Decide: Corpora
Quizzing the Data
Exchanging a Few Words
Let's Not Go into Detail
In Theory and in Practice
Windows on Culture
Words on the Move
Naughty But Nice
A Noticeable Uptick
Showing Your Age
Mapping English Vocabulary
Varieties
Different Voices: Dialects and Sociolects
Special Vocabularies
Words and the Imagination
Flouting Conventions
Old Words, New Meanings
Food for Thought
Having a Laugh
Education and Learning
Growing Up with Words
Second-Language Vocabulary
The End of the Beginning
Glossary of Key Terms
References
Index