The world is in short supply of energy. Along with environmental factors, it has become crucial for science to provide solutions. Energy Materials is a significant area of research in material science. The various aspects of energy include electrical power, comprising batteries, supercapacitors, thermoelectric energy conversion, photovoltaics, etc. Hydrogen is available in abundance, but catalysts are needed for the catalysis, so catalysts or porous solids have universal appeal in usage and applications. Then there are nuclear energy materials. Overall, energy materials have now captured the most attention worldwide in research and investment. This book covers various sections that are currently exploring energy solutions through materials.
Author(s): M. Eswaramoorthy, Subi J. George, A. Sundaresan, C. N. R. Rao
Publisher: World Scientific
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 381
City: Singapore
Contents
Preface
Solution-Processed Photovoltaics
1. Introduction
2. Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites
3. Organic Solar Cells
3.1. Non-fullerene acceptors
3.2. Ternary blend organic solar cells
3.3. Stability aspects of NFA-based organic solar cells
4. Summary
References
Towards the Post-lithium Technologies: Advances in Electrode Materials for Na-ion and K-ion Batteries
1. Introduction
2. History and Challenges
3. State-of-the-Art: Electrode materials in NIBs and KIBs
3.1. Positive electrode materials in NIBs and KIBs
3.1.1. Layered oxides in NIBs
3.1.1.1. Single TM systems
3.1.1.2. Binary TM systems
3.1.1.3. Ternary TM systems
3.1.2. Layered oxides in KIBs
3.1.2.1. Single TM systems
3.1.2.2. Binary and ternary TM systems
3.2. Negative electrode materials
3.2.1. Carbonaceous materials
3.2.2. Alloys
3.2.2.1. Antimony based anodes
3.2.2.2. Bismuth based anodes
3.2.2.3. Tin based anodes
3.2.2.4. Lead based anodes
4. Summary and Outlook
References
High Performance Thermoelectric Materials
1. Introduction
2. Different High Performance Thermoelectric Materials
2.1. Metal chalcogenides
2.1.1. Tellurides
2.1.2. Selenides
2.1.3. Sulphides
2.2. Half-Heusler
2.3. Mg3X2 based compounds
2.4. Skutterudites
2.5. Clathrates
2.6. Silicides
2.7. All-inorganic metal halide perovskites
3. Conclusions and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Two-dimensional Materials for Supercapacitor Applications
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals of Supercapacitor
3. Two-dimensional Electrode Materials used in Supercapacitors
3.1. Graphene-based materials
3.2. Graphene composites with transition metal oxide and chalcogenides
3.3. MXenes
4. Conclusion
References
Lead Halide Perovskites
1. Introduction
2. Renaissance of Lead Halide Perovskites
3. Synthesis
4. Crystal Structure
4.1. Cesium lead iodide (CsPbI3)
4.2. Methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3)
4.3. Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3)
5. Moisture-Induced Degradation
6. Electronic Structure and Optical Property
7. Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC)
7.1. Structure and working mechanism
7.2. Single-junction Perovskite Solar Cell
8. Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cell
9. Concluding Remarks and Future Directions
Acknowledgments
References
Plasmon and Phonon-Polaritons in Refractory Transition Metal Nitrides
1. Introduction
2. Plasmon Polariton in Refractory Metals
2.1. Plasmon polariton in refractory transition metals
2.2. Plasmon polariton in refractory transition metal nitrides
3. Phonon Polaritons in Dielectrics
4. Bi-Polariton in Degenerate Semiconductor
5. Applications
5.1. Solar-thermo-photovoltaics
5.2. Radiative cooling
5.3. Solar steam generation
6. Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Electrochemical and Photochemical Hydrogen Evolution
1. Introduction
2. Electrochemical hydrogen evolution
2.1. Mechanism
2.2. Materials
3. Photochemical Hydrogen Evolution
3.1. Mechanism
3.2. Materials
4. Conclusion
References
Thermochemical CO2 Conversion to High Energy Dense Fuels
1. Introduction
1.1. Energy crisis and global warming issues
1.2. Existing technologies to reduce CO2
2. Challenges In Current Processes And Material Design
3. Products, Catalysts, and Reaction Mechanisms
3.1. CO2 to olefins
3.2. CO2 to aromatics
4. Summary and Outlook
References
Porous Materials for Sustainable Energy Applications: Promises and Challenges
1. Introduction
2. Hydrogen Storage
3. Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion
3.1. Electrolysis of water
3.2. Hydrogen production
3.3. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER)
3.4. Metal air batteries
3.4.1. Working principle
3.4.2. Performance descriptors
3.4.3. Electrode material development
4. CO2 Capture and Conversion
5. Energy-Efficient Separations
6. Outlook
References
Piezo and Triboelectric Energy Materials and Devices
1. Introduction
2. Piezoelectricity
2.1. Mechanism
2.2. Materials
2.2.1. 0D materials
2.2.2. 1D materials
2.2.3. 2D materials
2.2.4. 3D materials
2.2.5. Composites
2.3. Applications
3. Triboelectricity
3.1. Mechanism
3.2. Materials
3.2.1. 0D materials
3.2.2. 1D materials
3.2.3. 2D materials
3.2.4. 3D materials
3.3. Applications
4. Piezo-tribo Hybrid
5. Emerging Applications
6. Outlook
References
Nuclear Energy Materials
1. Introduction
2. Classification of Nuclear Fuels
2.1. Classification based on nuclear process
2.2. Classification based on chemical state of nuclear fuels
3. Metallic Nuclear Fuel Materials
4. Oxide Nuclear Fuel Materials
5. Carbide Nuclear Fuel Materials
6. Nitride Nuclear Fuel Materials
7. TRISO-Coated Particle Nuclear Fuels
8. Inert Matrix Nuclear Fuels
9. Accident Tolerant Nuclear Fuels
10. Conclusions
References
Emerging Supramolecular Strategies towards Energy Materials
1. Introduction
2. Photocatalytic Water Splitting and CO2 Reduction: Thermodynamics and Kinetic Aspects
3. Prerequisites for the Design of the Artificial Photocatalytic System
4. Supramolecular Approach to Design Photocatalytic Systems: Self-assembly of Chromophores
5. Photocatalytic Water Splitting
5.1. Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)
5.2. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER)
5.3. CO2 reduction reaction
6. Perspective and Future Outlook
7. Conclusion
References
