Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate computing and communication capabilities by monitoring and controlling the physical systems via embedded hardware and computers. This book brings together new and futuristic findings on IoT, Cyber Physical Systems and Robotics leading towards Automation and solving issues of various critical applications in Real-time.
The book initially overviews the concepts of IoT, IIoT and Cyber Physical Systems followed by various critical applications and discusses the latest designs and developments that provide common solutions for the convergence of technologies. In addition, the book specifies methodologies, algorithms and other relevant architectures in various fields that include Automation, Robotics, Smart Agriculture and Industry 4.0.
The book is intended for practitioners, enterprise representatives, scientists, students and Ph.D Scholars in hopes of steering research further towards cyber physical systems design and development and implementation across various domains. Additionally, this book can be used as a secondary reference, or rather one-stop guide, by professionals for real-life implementation of cyber physical systems.
The book highlights:
• A Critical Coverage of various domains: IoT, Cyber Physical Systems, Industry 4.0, Smart Automation and related critical applications.
• Advanced elaborations for target audiences to understand the conceptual methodology and future directions of cyber physical systems and IoT.
• An approach towards Research Orientations to enable researchers to point out areas and scope for implementation of Cyber Physical Systems in several domains for better productivity.
Author(s): Krishna Kant Singh, Anand Nayyar, Sudeep Tanwar, Mohamed Abouhawwash
Series: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 225
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
1 IoT-Aided Robotics Development and Applications with AI
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Role of Cloud Computing (Cc) in IoT and Robotics
2.1 IoT and Cloud Computing (Cc)
2.1.1 Application and Security Issues of Cloud Computing and IoT Integration
2.1.2 Protocol Support and IPv6 Deployment in IoT and Cloud Computing Integration
2.1.3 Resource Allocation and Location of Database in IoT and Cloud Integration
2.2 Robot as a Service in Cloud Computing (RaaS)
3 Robots as Edge Devices and Gateways
3.1 Use Cases
3.2 Condition of the Edge
3.3 The Bandwagon
3.4 Intelligent Agent
3.5 Scope for Intelligent Agents
3.6 Planning and Action
3.7 Applications of IoT-Aided Robot
3.8 Challenges in AI-Based Robotics Development
ch1Sec17
References
2 Convergence of IoT and CPS in Robotics
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Internet of Things (IoT)
2.1 History of IoT
2.2 How IoT Works
2.3 Importance of IoT
2.4 Architecture of IoT
3 Convergence of IoT and Robotics
3.1 Basic Abilities of IoRT
3.2 IoT Robotics Software
3.3 IoT Robotics Communication
4 Applications of IoT
5 Applications of Convergence of IoT and Robotics
6 CPS—Cyber-Physical Systems
6.1 Swarm Intelligence and Robotics
7 CPS-Complex Problems and Its Simple Solutions
8 Applications of Convergence of CPS and Robotics
9 Collation of Cyber-Physical System and Internet of Things
9.1 Alliance of IoT and CPS for Robotics
9.2 Constituent Classification
9.3 Applications
9.4 Significance of Convergence of IoT and CPS in Robotics
9.5 Future of the Robotics
10 Conclusion
References
3 IoT, IIoT, and Cyber-Physical Systems Integration
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Industry 4.0
3 IoT for Smart Environments: Definitions, History, Architecture, and Applications
4 IIoT for Smart Environments: Definitions, History, Architecture, and Applications
5 CPS for Smart Environments: Definitions, History, Architecture, and Applications
6 Comparison of IoT, IIoT, and CPS
7 Integration of IoT, IIoT, and CPS
8 Control System of Integrated IoT, IIoT, and CPS
9 Networking in Integrated IoT, IIoT, and CPS
10 Computing in Integrated IoT, IIoT, and CPS
11 Security Issues of Integrated IoT, IIoT, and CPS
12 Conclusion and Future Work
References
4 Event and Activity Recognition in Video Surveillance for Cyber-Physical Systems
1 Introduction
1.1 Mathematical Representation and Multimodality Concepts
1.2 Advances over the Years
1.3 Motivation and Our Contributions
1.4 Organization of the Chapter
2 Related Work
2.1 Early Concepts of ``Structure from Motion''
2.2 Space–Time Descriptors
2.3 Recent Approaches Using Deep Neural Architectures
3 Video Scene Identification
3.1 Key-Frame Sampling
3.2 Realization of Spatio-Temporal Features
3.3 Deep Neural Architecture and Decision-Fusion
4 Experimental Results and Discussion
5 Epilogue and Way Forward
References
5 An IoT-Based Autonomous Robot System for Maize Precision Agriculture Operations in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 IoT Advancements in Sub-Saharan Africa
1.3 Problems of IoT Technology in Nigeria
1.4 IoT for Agricultural Development
2 Review of Existing IoT Schemes in Agricultural Research
3 Proposed Solution and Research Implementation Strategy
3.1 System Description and Characterization Model
3.2 Autonomous Robot Navigation and Control Scheme
3.3 IoT Platform Development
3.4 Web Application Design
4 Experimental Results
4.1 Prototype Development
4.2 Ridge Detection, Robot Navigation, and Control
4.3 Web Application
5 Conclusion
References
6 A Concept of Internet of Robotic Things for Smart Automation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Concept of Internet of Things
2.1 Definition of IoT in a Scenario of Small Environment
2.2 Definition of IoT in a Scenario of Large Environment
3 Concept of Internet of Robotic Things
3.1 Definition of Internet of Robotic Things
4 Architecture of Internet of Robotic Things
4.1 The Hardware Layer
4.2 The Network Layer
4.3 The Internet Layer
4.4 The Infrastructure Layer
4.5 The Application Layer
5 Artificial Intelligence
6 Integration of Smart Environment and Robots
7 Computation Requirements
8 Cyber Security Issues
9 Application Domains
10 Internet of Robotic Things in Industries
11 Case Studies of Robotics and Automation
12 Robotic Applications Aided by IoT
13 Conclusion
References
7 IoT in Smart Automation and Robotics with Streaming Analytical Challenges
Abstract
1 Introduction for IoT in Smart Automation and Robotics
1.1 Introduction of Automation and Robotics
1.2 Robots Roles
1.3 Automation Robotics Strategy
2 Internets of the Robotic Things
3 Internet of Robotic Things Perception
3.1 Rising IoRT of Technologies
3.2 Applications with Improvements of the IoRT
3.3 Other IoRT Models: From Parking Area Robots to Cleaning Robots and Robotics
4 Sensors and Actuators
4.1 Correspondence Technologies
4.2 Preparing and Sensors/the Actuators of Data Fusion
5 Virtual and Augmented Realities
5.1 Voice Recognition, Voice Control
5.2 Coordination
5.3 Decentralized Cloud
5.4 Adjustment
6 ML as Enabler for Adaptive Mechanisms
6.1 All the Way Operation and Information Technologies with Safety and Security of Framework
6.2 Square Chain
6.3 Hierarchical Interoperability
6.4 Semantic Interoperability
6.5 Syntactic Interoperability
6.6 Stage Interoperability
7 IoRT Applications
7.1 Presentation
7.2 Future Aspects Concerning the Internet of Robotic Things
7.3 Prescient and Preventive Maintenance
7.4 Independent Manufacturing
7.5 Self-sufficient Home Application with Personal of Robots
7.6 Medicinal Services Assistants, Elderly Support
8 Conclusion
References
8 Managing IoT and Cloud-Based Healthcare Record System Using Unique Identification Number to Promote Integrated Healthcare Delivery System: A Perspective from India
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Use of IoT and Cloud-Based System in Health Care
2.1 Healthcare Applications by IoT
2.2 Healthcare Applications of Cloud Computing
2.3 Future Healthcare Applications of IoT and Cloud-Based Services
3 Issues Behind the Use of Electronic Medical Record Based on IoT, and Cloud Computing and UID Interface
4 Basic Model to Use UID and IoT, Cloud-Based Computing System
4.1 Electronic Medical Record
4.2 Relationship Between IoT and Electronic Medical Record
4.3 Relationship Between Medical Record and Cloud Computing with UID
5 Advantages of IoT and Cloud-Based Medical Record System
6 Limitations of the System and Idea to the Response that
7 Conclusion
References
9 Internet of Robotic Things: Its Domain, Methodologies, and Applications
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Internet of Things
3 Robotics
4 Internet of Robotic Things
5 Applications of IoT Robotics
5.1 Smart Environment and Industry
5.2 Healthcare
5.3 Military and Policing
6 Challenges in Implementing IoRT
7 IoRT in Libraries
8 Conclusion
References
10 Applications of GPUs for Signal Processing Algorithms: A Case Study on Design Choices for Cyber-Physical Systems
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Signal Processing
2.1 Analog Input
2.2 Analog Filter
2.3 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
2.4 DSP Algorithms
2.5 Display or Output
3 Signal Processing Algorithms
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Signal Processing Algorithms
4 MATLAB Simulations of Algorithms
5 Hardware Implementation
5.1 Process Flow
5.2 Languages Used
5.3 Hardware Used
5.3.1 Application-Specific ICs (ASICs)
5.3.2 ASIC Design Flow
6 Heterogeneous Computing Platforms
6.1 Multi-core Architectures
6.2 DSP/CPU Processor Architecture
6.3 System on Chip (SoC)
7 Graphical Processing Units (GPUs )
7.1 Accelerators
7.2 GPU-Accelerated Computing
7.3 The Architecture of GPUs
7.4 Programming GPUs
7.5 Hardware Requirements for GPU Programming
7.6 Languages Required for GPU Programming
8 Comparison of GPUs, FPGAs, and ASICs
9 Conclusion
References
11 The Role of IoT and Narrow Band (NB)-IoT for Several Use Cases
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 NB-IoT Physical Features
3 Use Cases of Real-World NB-IoT
3.1 Intelligent Health Care for People
3.2 Smart Agriculture Devices of NB-IoT
3.3 Livestock Tracker
3.4 Greenhouse Sensors
3.5 Pollution Detection in NB-IoT
3.6 Fog Computing in NB-IoT for Air Pollution Detection
3.7 Intelligent Garbage Bin in Smart Cities
3.8 Smart Parking
3.9 Fog Computing Approach for Smart Parking
3.10 Smart Factory
3.11 OneNet Platform
3.12 NB-IoT for Maritime Use Case
4 Conclusions
References
12 Robust and Secure Routing Protocols for MANET-Based Internet of Things Systems—A Survey
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 MANET-Based Routing in IoT Systems
2.1 Requirements of Secure Routing Protocols in IoT
2.2 Secure Routing Protocols for MANETs
3 Application of MANET Protocols in the IoT Domain
4 Open Challenges and Future Directions
References
13 IoT for Smart Automation and Robot
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Past, Present, and Future of IoT
3 IoT Architecture
3.1 Three-Layer Architecture
3.1.1 Perception Layer
3.1.2 Network Layer
3.1.3 Application Layer
3.2 Five-Layer Architecture
3.2.1 Business Layer
3.2.2 Processing Layer
3.2.3 Transport Layer
4 IoT Elements
4.1 Identification
4.2 Sensing
4.3 Communication
4.4 Computation
4.5 Services
4.6 Semantics
5 IoT Features
5.1 Interconnectivity
5.2 Things-Related Services
5.3 Heterogeneity
5.4 Flexibility
5.5 Scalability
6 Internet of Things for Smart Automation
6.1 Home Automation System
6.1.1 Hub or Main Controller
6.1.2 Devices
6.1.3 Wireless Connections
6.2 Industrial Automation System
6.3 City Automation System
6.3.1 Infrastructure
6.3.2 Smart Lighting
6.3.3 Traffic Management
6.3.4 Public Safety
6.3.5 Pollution Control
6.3.6 Smart Parking
6.3.7 Sanitization Monitoring
6.3.8 Public Transport
7 Internet of Things for Robots
7.1 Applications of IoT-Aided Robotics
7.1.1 Health Care
7.1.2 Industrial Plants
7.1.3 Military Applications
7.2 Internet of Robotic Things Technologies
7.3 The Future of Robots with IoT
7.4 Industry 4.0 with IoT and Robots
8 Conclusion and Future Challenges
References
14 Application of Internet of Thing and Cyber Physical System in Industry 4.0 Smart Manufacturing
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing
2.1 Design Principles of Industry 4.0
2.2 Core Technological Pillars of Industry 4.0 Smart Manufacturing
3 Cyber Physical System
3.1 CPS Architecture
3.2 Application Domains of CPS
3.3 Supporting Technologies for CPS
4 Internet of Things (IoT)
5 Applications of CPS and IoT in Industry 4.0
6 Integrated IoT-CPS Models for Industry 4.0
7 Conclusion
References
