From chemical and electronics manufacturing, to hybrid vehicles, energy storage, and beyond, electrochemical engineering touches many industries—any many lives—every day. As energy conservation becomes of central importance, so too does the science that helps us reduce consumption, reduce waste, and lessen our impact on the planet. Electrochemical Engineering provides a reference for scientists and engineers working with electrochemical processes, and a rigorous, thorough text for graduate students and upper-division undergraduates.
Merging theoretical concepts with widespread application, this book is designed to provide critical knowledge in a real-world context. Beginning with the fundamental principles underpinning the field, the discussion moves into industrial and manufacturing processes that blend central ideas to provide an advanced understanding while explaining observable results. Fully-worked illustrations simplify complex processes, and end-of chapter questions help reinforce essential knowledge.
With in-depth coverage of both the practical and theoretical, this book is both a thorough introduction to and a useful reference for the field. Rigorous in depth, yet grounded in relevance, Electrochemical Engineering:
Introduces basic principles from the standpoint of practical application
Explores the kinetics of electrochemical reactions with discussion on thermodynamics, reaction fundamentals, and transport
Covers battery and fuel cell characteristics, mechanisms, and system design
Delves into the design and mechanics of hybrid and electric vehicles, including regenerative braking, start-stop hybrids, and fuel cell systems
Examines electrodeposition, redox-flow batteries, electrolysis, regenerative fuel cells, semiconductors, and other applications of electrochemical engineering principles
Overlapping chemical engineering, chemistry, material science, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering, electrochemical engineering covers a diverse array of phenomena explained by some of the important scientific discoveries of our time. Electrochemical Engineering provides the critical understanding required to work effectively with these processes as they become increasingly central to global sustainability.
Author(s): Thomas F. Fuller; John N. Harb
Publisher: Wiley
Year: 2018
Language: English
Pages: 417
Chapter 1: Introduction and Basic Principles
1.1 Electrochemical Cells
1.2 Characteristics of Electrochemical Reactions
1.3 Importance of Electrochemical Systems
1.4 Scientific Units, Constants, Conventions
1.5 Faraday’s Law
1.6 Faradaic Efficiency
1.7 Current Density
1.8 Potential and Ohm’s Law
1.9 Electrochemical Systems: Example
Chapter 2: Cell Potential and Thermodynamics
2.1 Electrochemical Reactions
2.2 Cell Potential
2.3 Expression for Cell Potential
2.4 Standard Potentials
2.5 Effect of Temperature on Standard Potential
2.6 Simplified Activity Correction
2.7 Use of the Cell Potential
2.8 Equilibrium Constants
2.9 Pourbaix Diagrams
2.10 Cells with a Liquid Junction
2.11 Reference Electrodes
2.12 Equilibrium at Electrode Interface
2.13 Potential in Solution Due to Charge: Debye–Hückel Theory
2.14 Activities and Activity Coefficients
2.15 Estimation of Activity Coefficients
Chapter 3: Electrochemical Kinetics
3.1 Double Layer
3.2 Impact of Potential on Reaction Rate
3.3 Use of the Butler–Volmer Kinetic Expression
3.4 Reaction Fundamentals
3.5 Simplified Forms of the Butler–Volmer Equation
3.6 Direct Fitting of the Butler–Volmer Equation
3.7 The Influence of Mass Transfer on the Reaction Rate
3.8 Use of Kinetic Expressions in Full Cells
3.9 Current Efficiency
Chapter 4: Transport
4.1 Fick’s Law
4.2 Nernst–Planck Equation
4.3 Conservation of Material
4.4 Transference Numbers, Mobilities, and Migration
4.5 Convective Mass Transfer
4.6 Concentration Overpotential
4.7 Current Distribution
4.8 Membrane Transport
Chapter 5: Electrode Structures and Configurations
5.1 Mathematical Description of Porous Electrodes
5.2 Characterization of Porous Electrodes
5.3 Impact of Porous Electrode on Transport
5.4 Current Distributions in Porous Electrodes
5.5 The Gas–Liquid Interface in Porous Electrodes
5.6 Three-Phase Electrodes
5.7 Electrodes with Flow
Chapter 6: Electroanalytical Techniques and Analysis of Electrochemical Systems
6.1 Electrochemical Cells, Instrumentation, and Some Practical Issues
6.2 Overview
6.3 Step Change in Potential or Current for a Semi-Infinite Planar Electrode in a Stagnant Electrolyte
6.4 Electrode Kinetics and Double-Layer Charging
6.5 Cyclic Voltammetry
6.6 Stripping Analyses
6.7 Electrochemical Impedance
6.8 Rotating Disk Electrodes
6.9 iR Compensation
6.10 Microelectrodes
Chapter 7: Battery Fundamentals
7.1 Components of a Cell
7.2 Classification of Batteries and Cell Chemistries
7.3 Theoretical Capacity and State of Charge
7.4 Cell Characteristics and Electrochemical Performance
7.5 Ragone Plots
7.6 Heat Generation
7.7 Efficiency of Secondary Cells
7.8 Charge Retention and Self-Discharge
7.9 Capacity Fade in Secondary Cells
Chapter 8: Battery Applications: Cell and Battery Pack Design
8.1 Introduction to Battery Design
8.2 Battery Layout Using a Specific Cell Design
8.3 Scaling of Cells to Adjust Capacity
8.4 Electrode and Cell Design to Achieve Rate Capability
8.5 Cell Construction
8.6 Charging of Batteries
8.7 Use of Resistance to Characterize Battery Peformance
8.8 Battery Management
8.9 Thermal Management Systems
8.10 Mechanical Considerations
Chapter 9: Fuel-Cell Fundamentals
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Types of Fuel Cells
9.3 Current–Voltage Characteristics and Polarizations
9.4 Effect of Operating Conditions and Maximum Power
9.5 Electrode Structure
9.6 Proton-Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells
9.7 Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Chapter 10: Fuel-Cell Stack and System Design
10.1 Introduction and Overview of Systems Analysis
10.2 Basic Stack Design Concepts
10.3 Cell Stack Configurations
10.4 Basic Construction and Components
10.5 Utilization of Oxidant and Fuel
10.6 Flow-Field Design
10.7 Water and Thermal Management
10.8 Structural–Mechanical Considerations
10.9 Case Study
Chapter 11: Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors
11.1 Capacitor Introduction
11.2 Electrical Double-Layer Capacitance
11.3 Current–Voltage Relationship for Capacitors
11.4 Porous EDLC Electrodes
11.5 Impedance Analysis of EDLCs
11.6 Full Cell EDLC Analysis
11.7 Power and Energy Capabilities
11.8 Cell Design, Practical Operation, and Electrochemical Capacitor Performance
11.9 Pseudo-Capacitance
Chapter 12: Energy Storage and Conversion for Hybrid and Electrical Vehicles
12.1 Why Electric and Hybrid-Electric Systems?
12.2 Driving Schedules and Power Demand in Vehicles
12.3 Regenerative Braking
12.4 Battery Electrical Vehicle
12.5 Hybrid Vehicle Architectures
12.6 Start–Stop Hybrid
12.7 Batteries for Full-Hybrid Electric Vehicles
12.8 Fuel-Cell Hybrid Systems for Vehicles
Appendix: Primer on Vehicle Dynamics
Chapter 13: Electrodeposition
13.1 Overview
13.2 Faraday’s Law and Deposit Thickness
13.3 Electrodeposition Fundamentals
13.4 Formation of Stable Nuclei
13.5 Nucleation Rates
13.6 Growth of Nuclei
13.7 Deposit Morphology
13.8 Additives
13.9 Impact of Current Distribution
13.10 Impact of Side Reactions
13.11 Resistive Substrates
Chapter 14: Industrial Electrolysis, Electrochemical Reactors, and Redox-Flow Batteries
14.1 Overview of Industrial Electrolysis
14.2 Performance Measures
14.3 Voltage Losses and the Polarization Curve
14.4 Design of Electrochemical Reactors for Industrial Applications
14.5 Examples of Industrial Electrolytic Processes
14.6 Thermal Management and Cell Operation
14.7 Electrolytic Processes for a Sustainable Future
14.8 Redox-Flow Batteries
Chapter 15: Semiconductor Electrodes and Photoelectrochemical Cells
15.1 Semiconductor Basics
15.2 Energy Scales
15.3 Semiconductor–Electrolyte Interface
15.4 Current Flow in the Dark
15.5 Light Absorption
15.6 Photoelectrochemical Effects
15.7 Open-Circuit Voltage for Illuminated Electrodes
15.8 Photo-Electrochemical Cells
Chapter 16: Corrosion
16.1 Corrosion Fundamentals
16.2 Thermodynamics of Corrosion Systems
16.3 Corrosion Rate for Uniform Corrosion
16.4 Localized Corrosion
16.5 Corrosion Protection
Appendix A: Electrochemical Reactions and Standard Potentials
Appendix B: Fundamental Constants
Appendix C: Thermodynamic Data
Appendix D: Mechanics of Materials
