Dynamics of the Sun and Stars: Honoring the Life and Work of Michael J. Thompson

Foreword
Preface
Rationale for the Conference and Proceedings
Organisation and Committees
Scientific Organising Committee
Local Organising Committee
Sponsors
Contents
Part I The Life and Work of Michael J. Thompson
Michael Thompson's Legacy in Solar and Stellar Physics
References
Michael Thompson in Sheffield
1 As a Head
2 Opportunity for All
3 Good Citizenship
4 A Committed Academic
5 A Musical Talent and His Love of Carols
References
Michael J. Thompson: A Remarkable Scientist, Leader, and Friend
Michael
Assessing the Threat of Major Outbreaks of Vector-Borne Diseases Under a Changing Climate
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Climate Data
2.2 Epidemiological Model
2.3 Model Parameters
2.4 Instantaneous Outbreak Risk (IOR)
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Touching the Interior Structure and Dynamics of Our Nearest Star
1 Michael's Professional Trajectory and of Helioseismology
2 Scientific Surprises Emerging About Dynamics Within the Sun
2.1 Nature of Solar Magnetism and Sunspot Mergence
2.2 Guidance from Helioseismology and Surprise of Tachocline
2.3 Recent Advances in 3-D Global Dynamo Modeling
References
Part II Solar Interior and Dynamics
Uncovering the Hidden Layers of the Sun
1 The Need for Inversions
2 Structure Inversion Results
3 What Else Can We Learn?
4 The Current Issue: The Solar Metallicity Problem
5 Summary
References
Solar Rotation
1 Introduction
2 The Inversion Problem
3 A Tour of the Rotation Profile
3.1 The Core
3.2 The Radiative Interior
3.3 The Tachocline
3.4 The Convection Zone
3.5 The Near-Surface Shear Layer
4 Temporal Variations
4.1 The Torsional Oscillation
4.2 Tachocline Variations
5 The Rotation Project
6 Conclusions
References
On Solar and Solar-Like Stars Convection, Rotation and Magnetism
1 Magnetohydrodynamics of the Sun and Sun-Like Stars
2 Large Scale Flows and Fields of the Sun
2.1 A Key Ingredient: Solar and Stellar Differential Rotation
2.2 Meridional Circulation: How Many Cells?
2.3 Magnetic Field in Solar Interior
3 Connecting Solar and Stellar Magnetism
4 Perspectives
References
Recent Progress in Local Helioseismology
1 Introduction
2 Data for Local Helioseismology
3 Methods of Local Helioseismology
3.1 Ring-Diagram Analysis
3.1.1 Ring-Diagram Analysis: Background
3.1.2 Ring-Diagram Analysis: The SOLA Method and the Noise Correlation
3.1.3 Ring-Diagram Analysis: Recent Developments
3.2 Time-Distance Helioseismology
3.2.1 Time-Distance Helioseismology: Background
3.2.2 Time-Distance Helioseismology: Recent Developments
4 Selected Recent Observational Results
4.1 Rossby Waves
4.2 Flows Associated with Active Regions
5 Outlook
References
Time-Distance Helioseismology of Deep Meridional Circulation
1 Introduction
2 Time-Distance Helioseismology of Deep MC: Current Results
3 Systematics and Signals in Travel Times
3.1 Wave-Frequency Dependence of Systematics and Signals
4 Differing Meridional Flow Solutions over Wave-Frequency
5 Conclusions
References
Surface Rotation and Magnetic Activity of Solar-Like Stars: Impact on Seismic Detections
1 Introduction
2 Studying the Surface Rotation and Magnetic Activity of Main-Sequence Stars
2.1 Data and Methodology
2.2 Results
3 Stars Without Detection of Oscillations
4 Conclusions and Summary
References
Study of Acoustic Halos in NOAA Active Region 12683
1 Data and Results
References
Helioseismic Center-to-Limb Effect and Measured Travel-Time Asymmetries Around Sunspots
References
Probing the Variation with Depth of the Solar Meridional Circulation Using Legendre Function Decomposition
1 Summary of Procedure and Results
References
New Inversion Scheme for Time-Distance Helioseismology
1 The Toy Problem and a Probabilistic Solution
2 Conclusions and Future Work
References
On Active Region Emergence Precursors
1 Introduction
2 Results
3 Conclusions
Solar Hemispheric Helicity Rules: A New Explanation
References
Comparing Solar Activity Minima Using Acoustic Oscillation Frequencies
1 Introduction
2 Results
References
Solar Cycle Variation of Large Scale Plasma Flows
1 Introduction
2 Data and Analysis
3 Conclusion
References
Measuring the Dispersion Relation of Acoustic-Gravity Waves in the Solar Atmosphere
1 Background
References
Non-adiabatic Helioseismology via 3D Convection Simulations
1 Non-adiabatic Modes
References
Part III From the Sun to the Stars
Deciphering Solar Convection
1 Introduction
2 Convective Scales
3 Where do the Observed Horizontal Motions Originate?
4 Why 10 Mm?
5 Some Preliminary Checks
6 Conclusion
References
G Modes and the Solar Core
1 Solar Oscillations
2 Mixed Modes Detected in Other Stars
2.1 g-Mode Oscillations in Compact Objects
2.2 Mixed-Mode Oscillations in Red Giant Stars
3 The Search for g Modes in the Sun
3.1 Early Observations
3.2 Upper Limits on g-Mode Detection
3.3 Needles in the Haystack
3.4 Search for Repeated Structure
3.5 Influence on Other Parameters
4 What Next
References
Inverse Analysis of Asteroseismic Data: A Review
1 Introduction
2 A Primer on Inverse Problems
2.1 Inverse Problems in Asteroseismology
3 Evolutionary Inversions
4 Sound Speed Inversions
4.1 The Method of Optimally Localized Averages
5 Summary of Current Results and Future Outlook
References
Diagnostics from Solar and Stellar Glitches
1 Glitch, Glitch Signature, and Mode Trapping
2 Acoustic Glitches
3 Buoyancy Glitches
4 Concluding Remarks
References
Dynamo States with Strikingly Different Symmetries Coexisting in Global Solar Simulations
References
Influence of Turbulence on an Essentially Nonlinear DynamoMechanism
References
Part IV Stellar Dynamics
The Tachocline Revisited
1 The Turbulent Tachocline
2 Horizontal Shear Instabilities in Stars
2.1 Model Description
2.2 Low Péclet Number Results
2.2.1 Qualitative Results
2.2.2 Scaling Laws
2.2.3 Mixing by Horizontal Shear Flows at Low Péclet Number
2.3 Low Prandtl Number/High Péclet Number Results
3 Discussion
References
Seismic Signatures of Solar and Stellar Magnetic Activity
1 Introduction
2 Seismic Signatures of Solar Magnetic Activity
2.1 Activity-Related Frequency Shifts
2.2 Quasi-Biennial Variations
2.3 Variations in the Excitation and Damping of the Acoustic Modes
2.4 Cycle-to-Cycle Variation
3 Seismic Signatures of Stellar Magnetic Activity
3.1 CoRoT
3.2 Kepler
4 Future of Seismic Signatures of Magnetic Activity
References
Confinement of Magnetic Fields Below the Solar Convection Zone
1 Introduction
2 Slow Confinement in Cartesian Models
3 Fast Confinement in Spherical Shell Models
4 Conclusions
References
Asteroseismic Study of KIC11145123: Its Structure and Rotation
1 Introduction
2 Two-Dimensional Rotation of the Star
2.1 Latitudinally Differential Rotation
2.2 Hint of a Fast Core Rotation
3 Refining the Equilibrium Model of the Star Based on the Observed Period Spacing Pattern
4 Conclusions
References
The Impact of a Fossil Magnetic Field on Dipolar Mixed-Mode Frequencies in Sub- and Red-Giant Stars
1 Introduction: Understanding Red Giant Dynamics
2 Perturbative Methods
3 Mixed-Mode Splittings in RG
4 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
Asteroseismic Stellar Modelling: Systematics from the Treatment of the Initial Helium Abundance
1 Introduction
2 Target Sample
2.1 Stellar Models
3 Discussion
4 Summary
References
Direct Travel Time of X-ray Class Solar Storms
1 Plasma Speed
References
On the Limits of Seismic Inversions for Radial Differential Rotation of Solar-Type Stars
References
The Physical Origin of the Luminosity Maximum of the RGB-Bump
1 Mirror and Bump
References
A New Utility to Study Strong Chemical Gradients in Stellar Interiors
References
16 Cygni A: A Testbed for Stellar Core Physics
References
Exploring the Origins of Intense Magnetism in Early M-Dwarf Stars
References
Part V The Future
A Future Path for Solar Synoptic Ground-Based Observations
1 The Need for Synoptic Observations of the Sun
2 Paths Gone: European Helio- and Asteroseismology Network (HELAS)
3 The Solar Physics Research Integrated Network Group—SPRING
3.1 Science Requirements
3.2 Feasibility Study
3.3 Preliminary Design Study
4 Future Path
References
Observational Asteroseismology of Solar-Like Oscillatorsin the 2020s and Beyond
1 A Brief History of Solar-Like Oscillations
2 First Results from the TESS Mission
2.1 Target Selection and Expected Yield
2.2 Exoplanet Host Stars
2.3 Bright Benchmark Stars and Galactic Archeology
3 The Future: PLATO, WFIRST and Beyond
4 Conclusions
References
Oblique Pulsation: New, Challenging Observations with TESS Data
1 Scientific Justification
References
Accounting for Asphericity
1 Introduction
2 Equations of Motion
3 Asphericity and Coordinate Maps
4 Nonaxisymmetric Thermodynamic Perturbations
5 Conclusions
References
A Comparison of Global Helioseismic-Instrument Performances: Solar-SONG, GOLF and VIRGO
1 Solar-SONG Performances Over the Summer 2018 Test Run
References
Open Discussion
1 Theory and Methods
1.1 Inversions
1.2 Surface Effects: From Machine Learning Tools to Open-Source Codes
2 Current and Future Modeling
3 Observations
4 Future Instrumentation
5 Concluding Remarks
References
Contemplating the Future
1 Introduction
2 Goals of Solar and Stellar Physics
3 New Possibilities
4 How do We Proceed?
5 Concluding Remarks
References