Documentaries and China's National Image

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Emphasizing the role of documentary in shaping a nation-state’s image, demonstrating social development and promoting cultural exchanges, this book examines the changes in China’s national image in documentaries at home and abroad since 1949. Based on theoretical frameworks of media sociology, political economy of communication and cultural studies, the book traces the development of Chinese documentary and discusses social transformation and cultural representation embodied in documentaries related to China. It is revealed how these works witness, reflect and interact with social transitions in all aspects of a modernizing China, as well as how documentary production struggles among and mediates between technology, market, ideology, social forces and professionalism. In terms of future prospects of documentary in an era when media convergence is burgeoning, the author explores feasible paths to further promotion of cross-cultural communication and China’s national image, by analyzing documentary aesthetics and representative cases of documentary practice. The title will appeal to scholars and students interested in culture and communication, documentary, film, media and Chinese society.

Author(s): Chen Yi
Series: China Perspectives
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2022

Language: English
Pages: 254
City: London

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Figures
Tables
Introduction: The Dissemination of National Image and the Function of Documentary Films
I Research Background
II Problems in Theory and Practice
1 The connotation of the "National Image" is oversimplified
2 There is still too much "bonsai-style" presentation in current documentaries
3 The shaping of the "national image" is excessive dependent on "technology aesthetics"
III The Basic Position and the Main Content of the Research
1 The straightening-out of the historical context: documentary development and the presentation of the national image in different times
2 The discussion of the theories: the impact of various documentary theories on the shaping of national image
3 Paths to practice: learn from foreign experience and go out of our own way
IV Research Approach and Method
1 The theoretical orientation of the research
2 The research method
3 The research objectives
Notes
1. From "Illustrated China" to "Diverse China"
I Visualized Political Commentary: A Nation that Stands Up
II The Horn of Rejuvenation: A Declaration of Modernization
III Life Scene: Ordinary People's "Essence of Vigor, Energy and Spirit"
IV Diversification and Integration: China's National Image from the Perspective of Globalization
1 Three directions in the development of the domestic documentary in the 21st century
2 China's national image integrated into the world
3 A comprehensive understanding of the "non-marketization" and "quasi-marketization" production modes
Notes
2. The Nation-State in Documentaries
I The Discourse Transition from "Revolution" to "Modernization"
II Realism and the Call for the Nation-State
III The Intertext of "Mainstream Images" and "Folk Images (Non-Governmental Images)"
1 Two memories of the disaster
2 The blending of different discourse frames
3 The making of the state discourse and the value of non-governmental images
4 Tolerance towards Film and TV works
IV The Tension Between "Grand Narratives" and "Micro Records"
1 Creating subtleties to reach the acme of perfection: the micro documentary and its new style
2 Using subtle words of great significance: the intertextuality between "little narrative" and "grand narrative"
3 Making the audience know which way the wind blows - to win the recognition of netizens by authenticity
V The Principal Parts of Documentary Production from a Political-Economical Perspective
Notes
3. Social Changes in Documentaries
I The Gradual Development of the Social Texture
II Succession of Social Documentary Programs
1 Inheritance of program columns: from personnel to spirit
2 The progress of "social" consciousness: from the subject matter to the theme
3 "Space search" in the system
III Re-exploration of Space for Life and Documentary
1 What is the source of the success of Space for Life?
2 What's the outcome of the 25 years of Documentary?
3 What is a real "Documentary"?
IV Industrial Interaction and Opportunities
Notes
4. "Cultivating People Morally and Intellectually" in the Documentary
I Activation and Reconstruction of "Nostalgia"
1 The cultural meaning and levels of "homesickness"
2 Ways of activating "nostalgic memory" by documentary
3 Emotional structure in homesickness documentary
II Family and Country Identity in Nostalgic Images
1 Identity construction from home to country
2 "Nostalgia" culture and the maintenance of mainstream core values
1 Modernization of traditional culture
2 Words of heroes and sages
3 Return home and rebuild the countryside
3 Reinforced and obscured
III Spring Festival in Chinese and Foreign Documentaries
1 Returning home: spectacular migration vs family ties
2 New Year's Eve dinner: exotic experience vs family reunion
3 Food: materialization vs imagery
4 Hometown skills: amazing performance vs self-breakthrough
IV Cross Cultural Exchanges of Chinese Folk Customs
1 Dialectical treatment of "cultural discount" of folk customs in international communication
2 Fully consider the "intersubjectivity" between transmission and reception
3 Enhancing the "soft power" of the Chinese folk documentary
1 Find a balance between modernity and tradition, reasoning and narration
2 Reduce anxiety in Sino-foreign cooperation and realize cross-cultural exchanges in various fields
3 We should explore professional and non-governmental forces and give continuous institutional arrangements
Notes
5. The Succession of Documentary Aesthetics
I Evolution of the theme and style of the "Classic Documentary"
1 On the concurrence of aesthetic schools of the "documentary"
2 Topic selection sources of mainstream documentaries
3 Gradually enrich the image language and the narrative perspective
II The Birth of "New Documentary Programs"
1 "Endless Loop" promotes the return of realism
2 Contents relating to "history, reality and people"
3 Only when you walk steadily can you reach far
III Media Convergence, "Pan-documentary" and its coding strategy
1 "Pan-documentary" images are the products of the media convergence era
2 The blurred boundary, the unchanging sense of reality and the "wall-breaking" effect
3 The coding strategy of dealing with "hardcore topics" by using "pan-documentaries"
IV Behind the Aesthetic Pedigree
1 Broadcasting time and broadcasting platform
2 Communication effect and evaluation mechanism
3 Multiple factors of promoting documentary aesthetic change
Notes
6. Typical Cases in China and Abroad
I How US Documentaries Manufacture Consent
1 The US history in the documentary: the connection of grand and small
2 The scene representation: sewing history and shades
1 Performance representation: the scene under the premise of history
2 Computer stunt representation: "big film" of documentary
3 Oral representation: experts have added credibility
3 The construction of national identity: meaningful images and the "American Dream"
II Japanese Image in NHK Documentaries
1 Shaping the image of Japan in various stages after the World War II
2 Nationalism in the "post-war" subject documentaries since the 1990s
III China and Foreign Cooperation and Internationalization of China's Image
1 Anthropological vision and international operation: A Year in Tibet
2 There are only the shooting resources, and more need to eliminate prejudice: the story behind Wild China
3 The global narrative resources are used by me: taking China: Time of Xi as an example
IV Symbolic Context Strategy in "Olympic Bid Films"
1 Video text close reading
Part 1: Open and import (00 minutes 00 seconds - 00 minutes 14 seconds, see Figure 6.1)
Part 2: The masses of the ice and snow sports (00 minutes 15 seconds - 00 minutes 26 seconds, see Figure 6.2)
Part 3: A review of the 2008 Summer Olympics (00 minutes 27 seconds - 34 seconds, see Figure 6.3)
Part 4: The Geographic Environment and the Site Description (00 minutes 35 seconds - 02 minutes 30 seconds, see Figure 6.4)
Part 5: The Winter Olympic Games are reviewed and the full film ends (02 minutes and 31 seconds - 02 minutes 54 seconds, see Figure 6.5)
2 The selection strategy of symbols and context
V "The Oriental Internet Celebrity" and aesthetics of labor
1 The aesthetics of labor in individualized documentaries
2 Why do international netizens think highly of Li Ziqi's videos? - An analysis of comments based on "Grounded Theory"
1 Open coding
2 Associative coding
3 Core coding
3 Another way for Chinese images to go international
Notes
7. Conclusion: Thinking and Practicing against the Background of Media Convergence
I The Communication Ecology of Documentaries Is Not Optimistic
1 The capacity of professional documentary channels is insufficient, and the "marginalization" of documentary columns or programs has not been completely improved
2 There is a clear preference for documentaries on video websites and mobile apps
3 The dissemination mode of "online micro-communication + offline screening" deserves attention
II Analysis on the Concept of Documentary Development in the Era of Media Convergence
III To Improve the "Top Design" of the Documentary Communication Pattern
1 To construct a service-type documentary full media propagation matrix
2 Development of in-stock documentary resources
3 To improve the mechanism of documentary topic selection, evaluation and transaction
4 To open a diversified space of documentary dialogue and communication
IV To Lead the Shaping of "Multi-dimensional Image" with "Cultural Self-confidence"
V Construction of "Three Abilities" in the External Communication of Chinese Documentaries
1 To study the essence of Western documentaries and enhance cross-cultural narrative ability
2 To cooperate with "public diplomacy", "intergrated communication" and enhance image production capacity
3 To adopt internet thinking patterns and enhance the international communication efficiency
Notes
Postscript
Bibliography
Index