Digital Technologies for Solar Photovoltaic Systems: From general to rural and remote installations

Cover
Contents
About the
editor
Acknowledgments
1 Introduction: The role of digital technologies in solar PV systems: from general to rural installations
References
2 Energy-efficient phase-shifting transformers for rural power systemswith solar PV energy sources: the state-of-the-art survey, artificial intelligence-based approach and a case study
2.1
Introduction
2.2 Classification of power rating and applications
2.3 Classification of the PSTs: power circuit configuration and connections
2.4 Classification based on the control technique
2.4.1 Open- loop controller
2.4.2 Closed-loop controller
2.4.3 ANN-based optimization techniques
2.5 Protection techniques
2.6 Parallel operation
2.7 Dynamic model and analysis of a solar PV power plant integrated PST for rural power systems
2.8 Artificial intelligence-based apparent power estimation analysis of a PST used in rural power systems
2.9 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
3 Design and practical implementation of a grid-connected single-stage flyback photovoltaic micro-inverter
3.1
Introduction
3.2 Grid synchronization methods
3.2.1 Zero cross detection
3.2.2 Phase locked loop
3.3 Practical implementation procedure
3.3.1 Switching devices and snubber circuit
3.3.2 Input capacitor design
3.3.3 Output LC filter design
3.3.4 Electromagnetic interference filter
3.3.5 Flyback transformer
3.3.6 Hardware power stage circuit
3.4 Practical design of control scheme
3.4.1 Maximum power point tracking and PI controllers
3.4.2 Precision diode rectifier circuit
3.4.3 PWM circuit
3.4.4 Optocoupler and gate driver circuits
3.4.5 Dead time circuit
3.4.6 Implementation of the ZCD method
3.4.7 Comparator circuit
3.4.8 Schmitt trigger and digital buffer circuits
3.4.9 Phase detector
3.4.10 Proposed controller schematic
3.5 Simulation and experimental results
3.5.1 Proteus simulation results
3.5.2 Experimental results
3.6 Conclusion and future works
References
4 Assessment of influences of high photovoltaic inverter penetrationon distribution automation systems: Vietnam distribution network case study
4.1
Introduction
4.2 The MV distribution network under study
4.2.1 The studied F474 MV feeder
4.2.2 Profiles of load and PV systems connected to F474 feeder
4.2.3 Settings of MV feeders overcurrent protection
4.2.4 Settings of PV undervoltage protection
4.3 Component modeling in DIgSILENT
4.3.1 Solar photovoltaic systems
4.3.2 Aggregated loads
4.3.3 External grid
4.4 Case study and discussions
4.4.1 Faults at the beginning of the feeder
4.4.2 Faults in between feeder CB and FI 8/13/3
4.4.3 Faults closed to FI 8/3/13
4.4.4 Overall presentation and conclusion
4.5 Perspectives
4.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
5 Processor-in-the-loop implementation for PV water pumping applications
5.1
Introduction
5.2 PV water pumping system description
5.2.1 PV panel
5.2.2 DC/DC boost converter
5.2.3 DC/AC inverter
5.2.4 Induction motor
5.2.5 Centrifugal pump
5.3 Control strategies
5.3.1 Indirect field-oriented control
5.3.2 Maximum power point tracking algorithm
5.4 PIL test
5.5 Simulation results
5.5.1 MATLAB®/Simulink®
results
5.5.2 PIL test results
5.6 Conclusion
References
6 Advanced distributed maximum power point tracking technology
6.1
Introduction
6.2 Limitation of the standard MPPT
6.3 DMPPT-full power processing architecture
6.4 DMPPT-differential power processing
6.4.1 PV–PV architecture
6.4.2 PV–bus architecture
6.4.3 PV–IP architecture
6.5 Conclusion and future work
References
7 Dual- axis solar tracking system providing an intelligent stepchanging range (SCR) approach using real-time FDM with a sensorless design
7.1
Introduction
7.2 DASTS
7.2.1 Mechanical system
7.2.2 Electrical hardware and control system
7.3 Proposed FDM- based method using SCR
7.3.1 Determining the position of the sun
7.3.2 Conventional sensorless DASTS algorithm
7.3.3 Proposed FDM- based method using SCR
7.4 Results
7.4.1 Measurements and comparison
7.5 Conclusion
References
8 Design and realization of a solar remote tracker system in a rural area
8.1
Introduction
8.2 PV and solar tracking
8.3 Solar tracking techniques
8.4 The experimental installation used in the study
8.4.1 Needs analysis
8.4.2 Design
8.4.3 Realization
8.5 Conclusion
Appendix A
References
9 Comprehensive literature review on the modeling and prediction of soiling effects on solar energy power plants
9.1
Introduction
9.1.1 Solar PV plants over the world
9.1.2 Digital technologies applied in the monitoring of remote PV plants
9.1.3 Soiling phenomenon and its modeling
9.2 Overview of soiling and modeling of soiling
9.3 Modeling of soiling, which path to follow?
9.4 Applied models per each category
9.4.1 Modeling and prediction of soiling potential/dust concentration (category A)
9.4.2 Determining the patterns of losses due to soiling (category C)
9.4.3 Use of weather conditions to predict deposited pollutants (category AB)
9.4.4 Correlation between losses due to soiling and deposited pollutants (category BC)
9.4.5 Correlation between weather conditions and losses due to soiling (category AC)
9.5 Analysis and discussion of the applied models
9.5.1 Theoretical modeling/statistical modeling
9.5.2 Modeling-based soiling influencing factors
9.5.3 Evaluation metrics
9.6 Conclusions and recommendations
Acknowledgments
References
10 Dust soiling concentration measurement system based on image processing techniques
10.1
Introduction
10.2 Proposed approach
10.2.1 Detailed system components description
10.2.2 Handling constraints are taken into consideration
10.2.3 A detailed description of the proposed approach
10.3 Experiments and results
10.4 Conclusion
References
11 Anatomization of dry and wet cleaning methods for general to rural and remote installed of solar photovoltaic modules
11.1
Introduction
11.2 Experimental setup
11.3 Experimental procedure
11.4 Result and discussion
11.4.1 Case: I
11.4.2 Case: II
11.4.3 Observation and suggestions
11.5 Conclusion
References
12 Suryashtmikaran – an Internet of Things-based photovoltaic module cooling and cleaning device
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Literature review
12.2.1 Dust cleaning methods
12.2.2 Temperature cooling methods
12.3 Methodology
12.3.1 Block diagram
12.3.2 Working procedure
12.3.3 Experimental setup
12.4 Results and discussion
12.4.1 Effect of cleaning and cooling on power output of solar panel
12.4.2 Temperature effect on power output of solar panel
12.4.3 Efficiency improvement
12.4.4
I–V and P–V characteristics
12.4.5 Effect of wind
12.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
13 Robust control for energy storage system dedicated to solar-powered electric vehicle
13.1
Introduction
13.2 ESS description
13.3 H∞
control for ESS
13.4 Energy storage devices
13.5 Energy management strategy
13.6 Simulation results
13.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
14 Influence of energy management in solar photovoltaic system by block chain technologies for rural and remote areas
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Challenges in blockchain technology
14.3 PoW
14.4 Secure hash consensus techniques
14.5 Results and discussion
14.6 Conclusion
References
Index
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