Conversion and Utilization of Waste Materials

Cover
Half Title
Series
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Contributors
Preface
Part One General
1 Utilization of Waste Materials: Examples of Business Successes
Background
Plastic and Rubber Recovery
Wood, Paper, Biomass-Reuse and Composting
Construction-Recycled Products and Supplies
Creative Recycling of Other Wastes
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
2 Designing Recycling to Pressure Packaging Innovation
Introduction
Package Technology and Resource Recovery Technology
Complexity of Municipal Solid Waste
Enter the Garbagemen
Economic Realities
Economic Driving Forces
Current Recycling Technology Is Too Expensive
Economic Goals for Recycling
Material Recovery Facility May Hold the Key
Markets
Summary
How Everyone Can Win
3 Coliquefaction of Waste Material with Coal: A Research Program of the Consortium for Fossil Fuel Liquefaction Science
Background
Coliquefaction of Waste Plastics with Coal
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Summary
References
Part Two Plastics, Polymers, Tires, and Automotive Wastes
4 Advanced Recycling Technologies for Plastics
Background
Advanced Recycling Overview
Conrad Advanced Recycling Process
Conclusion
References
5 Recycling of Polymers from Automobile Shredder Residue
Introduction
Disposal/Treatment Methods
The Argonne National Laboratory Process
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
6 Pyrolytic Reprocessing of Scrap Tires into Value-Added Products
Introduction
Process Description and Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
7 Coprocessing of Coal with Waste Tires and Polymers: In Situ Electron Spin Resonance Investigations
Introduction
Apparatus for In Situ ESR Measurements
Experimental Results and Discussion
Acknowledgments
References
Part Three Biosolids, Biomass, and Municipal Solid Wastes
8 Fundamentals of Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Biosolids (Sludge): Feedstocks for Clean Energy
Introduction
Experimental
Conclusions
References
9 Land Applications of Biosolids
Introduction and Background
Nutrient Contribution
Soil and Sludge Parameters
EPA Regulations
Opinions and Support for Land Applications
Practical Land Applications
Concluding Remarks
References
10 Ethanol from Biomass by Gasification/Fermentation
Introduction
Microbiology of Ethanol Production
Conclusions
References
11 Genetic Engineering for Productivity in the Fermentation of Xylose to Ethanol
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
References
12 Gas Recovery and Utilization from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills
Introduction
Discussion
References
13 Emissions from Burning Forest Fuels: Development of a Model
Introduction
Experimental
Results
Discussion
Acknowledgments
References
14 Coprocessing of Lignocellulosic Wastes and Coal to Liquid Fuels
Introduction
Coal Liquefaction
Components of Lignocellulosic Wastes
Liquefaction of Lignocellulosic Wastes Containing Lignin In Situ
Liquefaction of Chemically Modified Lignin
Coliquefaction of Lignocellulosic Wastes and Coal
Experimental
Results and Discussion
Acknowledgments
References
15 Mathematical Analysis of a Municipal Solid Waste Rotary Incinerator
Introduction
Modeling of Rotary Kiln Treaters
Chemical Rate Expressions
Kiln Reactor Model
Results from Using the Model
Conclusions
References
Part Four Coal Conversion By-Products
16 Selective Leaching of Coal and Coal Combustion Solid Residues
Introduction
Background
Chemical Fractionation Procedures
ASH Leaching Procedures
Summary
References
17 Characterization of Concretes Formulated with Blends of Portland Cement and Oil Shale Combustion Ash
Introduction
Background
ASH Properties
Concrete Formulation and Compressive Strengths
Mechanical Properties of Concrete
Zero-Slump Materials
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
18 Utilization of Coal-Tar Pitch in Insulating-Seal Materials
Background
Experimental Studies
Results and Applications
References
19 Briquetting Anthracite Fines for Recycle
Introduction
Fines Generation
Briquetting of Anthracite Fines
Results
Proposed Process Flowsheet
References
Index