This book discusses emerging contexts of global warming and climate change, agricultural vulnerability and adaptation from local to global scale. Climate change, resilience in relation to agriculture and livelihoods and multi-dimensionality of various approaches are clearly taken into account by providing studies and perspectives on various methods and scales based on natural science to social science frameworks. This edited work contains chapters that are interdisciplinary, covering climate change, agriculture vulnerability, disaster impact, productivity efficiency, food security, livelihood resilience, land degradation, sustainability, in terms of plan and perform for transformation, sustainability and adaptation, including philosophy, change and economics, as well as the natural sciences.
This book addresses the sustainable development goals to reduce the adverse impacts on agricultural productivity brought on by climate change and its adaptation and disaster risk reduction in developing and developed nations. Some of the assessed challenges include soil erosion, land use conversion, natural resource mismanagement, crop productivity decline and economic stagnation. This book covers important issues in the production and consumption of food in the past and present periods, agriculture, livelihood, and climate change, disaster risk management and society. All of these are under the threat of ongoing climate change and significant challenges to livelihood sustainability. The book is arranged into five broad sections: each part will cover a set of chapters dealing with a particular issue of the climate change, agriculture and society: approach toward sustainability. This book aims to attract attention of students, researchers, academician, policymakers and other inquisitive readers interested in different aspects of climate change, agriculture, livelihood and sustainability, particularly at local to global context.
Author(s): Asraful Alam, Rukhsana
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 365
City: Cham
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Part I Global warming and Climate Change: Vulnerability in Agricultural Sectors
1 Climate Change Impact, Agriculture, and Society: An Overview
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Climate Change and Vulnerability in Agricultural Sectors
1.3 Agriculture Under Changing Climatic and Society
1.4 Climate Resilience and Adaptation Strategy in Agriculture Sector
1.5 Adaptive Options to Combat Climate Change for Agriculture Sustainability
References
2 Spatio-Temporal Changes of Rainfall Pattern Under Changing Climate in West Bengal, India
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Materials and Methods
2.2.1 Study Area
2.2.2 Data Sources
2.2.3 Autocorrelation Function
2.2.4 Method of Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA)
2.2.5 Mann–Kendall (MK) Test
2.2.6 Modified Mann–Kendall Test
2.2.7 Sen’s Estimator Method
2.2.8 Percent Bias
2.3 Results and Discussion
2.3.1 Exploratory Statistics
2.3.2 Autocorrelation Effect on Rainfall
2.3.3 Annual and Seasonal Trend by ITA
2.3.4 Annual and Seasonal Trend by MK/mMK Test
2.4 Percent Bias
2.5 Comparisons Between the Trend Analysis Methods
2.6 Discussion
2.7 Conclusion
References
3 Evaluating Apiculture as a Sustainable Livelihood Option in the Wake of Climate Change: West Bengal, India
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Literature Review
3.3 Objectives
3.4 Study Area
3.5 Methodology
3.6 Result and Discussion
3.6.1 Changing Weather and Honey Production Scenario
3.6.2 Production Scenario of Crops Related to Apiculture
3.6.3 Qualitative Analysis of Beekeepers’ Perceptions
3.7 Conclusion
References
4 The Impacts of Drought Disasters on Mexican Agriculture: An Interpretation from the Perspective of the Political Economy of Disasters
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Droughts: Natural or Socio-Environmental Disaster?
4.3 Data on Disasters Associated with Droughts in Mexico
4.4 Impacts of Drought on Mexican Agriculture
4.5 The Institutional Context of Disaster Risk Management in Mexico on Drought: Lessons, Progress, and Challenges
4.6 Conclusions
References
Part II Extreme Climatic Events: Impacts and Adaptation Issues in Agrarian Environment
5 Smallholder Livestock Farmers’ Animal Health Management Practices in South Africa
5.1 Introduction and Background
5.2 Material and Methods
5.2.1 The Study Area
5.2.2 Sampling
5.2.3 Data Collection
5.2.4 Data Analysis
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Household Characteristics
5.3.2 Primary Animal Health Care Practices Adopted by Livestock Farmers
5.3.3 Drivers of Primary Animal Health Care Practices
5.3.4 Spending on Primary Animal Health Care
5.3.5 Cattle Mortality
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
References
6 Identification of Spatio-Temporal Extent of Agricultural Drought Using Geospatial Techniques: A Case Study of Chhatna Block, Bankura District, West Bengal, India
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Study Area
6.3 Methodology
6.3.1 Standardized Precipitation Index
6.3.2 Remote Sensing Drought
6.4 Results and Discussion
6.5 Conclusion
References
7 Climate Change and Agriculture: Understanding Short-Term Impact of Climate Change in Selected Crop Production in West Bengal
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Literature Review
7.3 Objectives of the Study
7.4 Methodology
7.4.1 Data Collection and Analysis
7.5 Findings
7.5.1 Agroclimatic Zone
7.6 Analysis
7.6.1 Correlation Observed Climate Data with Crop Production
7.6.2 Possible Impact
7.7 Conclusion
References
Part III Agriculture Under Changing Climate
8 Resilience of Farmers in Response to Salinity Intrusion Problem in Agricultural Fields of Coastal Region of Bangladesh
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Profile of the Study Area
8.3 Approach of the Study
8.4 General Information About Agricultural Practices
8.5 Sources of Water for Agricultural Purposes
8.6 Using Pattern of Pesticides and Fertilizers in Agricultural Field
8.7 Soil and Water Quality Parameters Analysis
8.8 Community Perception of Salinity Levels in Rice Fields
8.9 Adaptation Practices by the Farmers for Reduce Salinization Problem
8.10 Conclusion and Recommendation
References
9 The Ecological Significance to Maintain Rice Cropping Areas in the Rice Bowls of Kerala for Sustaining Food Security Under the Purview of Climate Change
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Study Area
9.3 Materials and Methods
9.3.1 Secondary Data
9.3.2 Representative Concentration Pathway Trajectory 4.5 (RCP 4.5)
9.3.3 Crop Simulation Model
9.4 Results and Discussion
9.4.1 Decadal Changes in the Rice Cultivation of Kerala
9.4.2 Predicted Rice Productivity for Palakkad, Kerala
9.4.3 Ecological Benefits of Rice Paddy Fields
9.5 Conclusion
Annexure
References
10 Crop Diversification: An Adaptive Option for Climate Change Resilience in West Bengal
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Result and Discussions
10.3 Conclusion
References
Part IV Farmers Perceptions of Climate Change and Adaptation Strategy
11 Unraveling the Interplay Between Indian Agricultural Sector, Food Security, and Farms Bill: Key to Sustainable Development Goals
11.1 Introduction
11.1.1 Agricultural Scenarios in India
11.1.2 Trends in Agricultural Sector
11.1.3 Sustainable Agriculture and Government Initiatives in India
11.1.4 Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture: Pillars of Sustainable Development Goals
11.1.5 Challenges to Food Security
11.2 Methodology
11.2.1 Agritech, Farm Legislations, and Food Security
11.2.2 Key Takeaways: Removing the Barriers to Achieving Sustainable Goals
11.3 Conclusion
References
12 Correlation Between Volumetric Loading Rate and Removal Efficiency of Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand for Waste Water Treatment by Improved Bio-tower Technology in Ganga River Basin (India)
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Study Area
12.3 Results
12.4 Conclusions
References
13 Site Suitability in Water Harvesting Management Using Remote Sensing Data and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraq
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Data and Methodology
13.2.1 Study Area
13.2.2 Data
13.2.3 Preparing Data and Modelling
13.2.4 Multi-criteria Decision-Making (MCDM)
13.3 Results
13.3.1 Rainfall Analysis
13.3.2 Potential Runoff
13.3.3 Soil
13.3.4 Slope
13.3.5 Drainage Density
13.3.6 LULC
13.3.7 Rainwater Harvesting Potential Map
13.4 Discussion
13.5 Conclusion
References
14 Futuristic Climate Change Impacts on Rice and Groundnut Production Over Tamil Nadu State, South India
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Future Climate Change
14.3 Impact of Climate Change on Crops
14.4 Rice and Ground Nut Cultivation in Tamil Nadu
14.5 Rice and Groundnut Production Under Changing Climate
14.6 Adaptation Strategies for Sustainable Development
14.7 Conclusion
References
Part V Sustainable Adaptive Options to Combat Global Warming and Climate Change
15 Assessment of Soil Suitability for Sunflower Cultivation in Sagar Island, India
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Materials and Methodology
15.2.1 Geographical Overview of the Study Area
15.2.2 Data Sources
15.2.3 Generation of Different Thematic Layers for Soil Suitability Assessment of Sunflower Cultivation
15.2.4 Standardization of Criteria Layers
15.2.5 Weight Assignment for Multi-criteria Decision-Making
15.2.6 LULC Classification and Overlay with Soil Suitability Map
15.3 Results and Discussion
15.3.1 Description of Factor Maps
15.3.2 Soil Physical Properties
15.3.3 Soil Chemical Properties
15.3.4 Soil-Site Suitability of Sunflower Cultivation
15.4 Conclusion
References
16 Agricultural Bill 2020 in India: Agricultural Policy and Transition to Sustainable Agriculture and Self-reliance
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Methodology
16.3 Results and Discussion
16.4 Understanding the New Farm Bills, 2020
16.5 Strengths and Weaknesses of the New Farm Bill
16.6 Reaction of Farmers Toward the New Farm Bill, 2020
16.7 New Farm Bill 2020—A Road Toward Sustainable Agricultural Development in India
16.8 New Agricultural Reforms: A Step Toward Self-reliant India
16.9 Linking Sustainable Agricultural Development with Self-reliance in India
16.10 Findings
16.11 Conclusion
References
17 Urban Heat Island (UHI) Resilience Plan in Varying Climatic Conditions Using Geospatial Approach: A Case Study of Rajkot City
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Study Area
17.2.1 Transit-Oriented Zone Typology (P1): Selection Criteria
17.2.2 Central Business District Typology (P2): Selection Criteria
17.2.3 Industrial Typology (P3): Selection Criteria
17.3 Results and Discussion
17.3.1 Ambient Air Quality
17.3.2 Urban Heat Island Resilience Plan
17.3.3 Demonstration of UHI Resilience Action Plan Through T.P. Scheme-10
17.4 Conclusion
References
18 Identifying Suitable Sites for Alternative Agriculture in Drought-Prone Akarsa Watershed, West Bengal
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Methodology
18.2.1 Sources of Data
18.2.2 Study Area Description
18.2.3 Utilization of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
18.3 Results
18.4 Validation and Discussion
18.5 Conclusion
References
