Hobbyist electronics can be a fun way to learn new skills that can be helpful to your career. Those who understand the basics of electronics can design their own circuits and projects. However, before you run, you need to learn to walk.
It all starts with analogue electronics. You should be familiar with the simple components and circuits and understand their basic behaviors and the issues you may encounter. The best way to do this is through real experiments. Theory alone is not enough. This book offers a large number of practical entry-level circuits, with which everyone can gain the basic experience.
Through the widespread introduction of microcontrollers, a new chapter in electronics has begun. Microcontrollers are now performing more and more tasks that were originally solved using discrete components and conventional ICs. Starting out has become easier and easier thanks to platforms including Bascom, Arduino, micro:bit. The book introduces numerous manageable microcontroller applications. It's now a case of less soldering and more programming.
Author(s): Burkhard Kainka
Publisher: Elektor Publication
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: 389
Part 1 Analogue Electronics
Chapter 1 • Electronics for Starters (1)
Diodes and LEDs
LED with series resistor
Component dimensioning
Series circuit
Semiconductors and depletion layers
Blinking LED
Chapter 2 • Electronics for Starters (2)
Transistors in action
First experiments
Circuit design
Inverter
Delayed switch-off circuit
Twilight switch
Darlington circuit
Using a LED as a photodiode
Glory days of TUP and TUN
Microcontroller time switch
Chapter 3 • Electronics for Starters (3)
Transistor measurements
Practical tips
Negative feedback
Making measurements with an ohmmeter
Transistor testing
Transistor tester
Chapter 4 • Electronics for Starters (4)
Constant current sources
A constant current source
Using a BF245 JFET
Using a bipolar transistor
Soft LED blinker
Field-effect transistors
Chapter 5 • Electronics for Starters (5)
Voltage stabilisation
Diode stabilisation
Quick solution
Efficiency
Series regulators
Integrated voltage regulators
Current mirror
Voltage monitor
Chapter 6 • Electronics for Starters (6)
Flip-flops
The flip-flop
RS flip-flop
Triggering and clearing
Monostable flip-flops
Schmitt trigger
Simplified Schmitt trigger
Thyristors
Twilight switch
Chapter 7 • Electronics for Starters (7)
Blinkers and oscillators
Simplified multivibrator
LED voltage converter
Audio generator
Voltage to frequency converter
NPN/PNP flip-flop circuit
Energy-saving LED flasher
Sawtooth generator
NPN sawtooth signal generator
A voltage to frequency converter with the Tiny13
Chapter 8 • Electronics for Starters (8)
Audio Preamplifier
Negative feedback
Two stages
DC-coupled stages
Three stages
The Emitter Follower
An audio millivoltmeter
Chapter 9 • Electronics for Starters (9)
Sine-wave oscillators
RC oscillators
Ring oscillators
Three-phase LED blinker
The Miller effect
Three-phase blinker
Chapter 10 • Electronics for Starters (10)
Radio Frequency (RF)
Generating HF signals
LC oscillators
Crystal oscillators
Short wave regenerative receiver with feedback
Resonant Circuits
An AM signal generator
Chapter 11 • Operational Amplifiers in Practice
Part 1: Introduction and basics
Basic opamp circuits
Voltage follower
Non-inverting amplifier
Inverting amplifier
Adder
Oscillator
Under the hood
Chapter 12 • Operational Amplifiers in Practice
Part 2: FET-input opamps and wide-bandwidth applications
Voltage ramps
Wide-bandwidth applications
Chapter 13 • Operational Amplifiers in Practice
Part 3: Opamps with PNP input stage, and power types
Comparator type LM339
Clap-activated switch
Power amplifier
Chapter 14 • EMV-EMC Limit Values and CE Declaration
Simplified measurements for private individuals and small companies
Statutory requirements
To mark or not to mark
Contact with the authorities
EMC limit values
EMC estimation with simple resources
Summary
Chapter 15 • LED-LDR Ring Oscillator
Chapter 16 • Picoammeter
Chapter 17 • LC Oscillator with Pot Tuning
Chapter 18 • FET Radiation Meter
Chapter 19 • ‘Green’ Solar Lamp
Chapter 20 • Battery Maintainer
Chapter 21 • One-transistor Voltage Converter
Chapter 22 • Analogue LED Chaser Light
Chapter 23 • Experimental Hall Sensor
Chapter 24 • Minimalist Dip Meter
Chapter 25 • Wideband Receiver for Spark Transmissions
Chapter 26 • Ring Oscillator
Chapter 27 • LED Multi-Flasher
Chapter 28 • Emitter-Follower Audion
Chapter 29 • NPN Relaxation Oscillators
Chapter 30 • Measure Gamma Rays with a Photodiode
Radiation detector using a BPW34
Radiation
Diode as detector
Amplifier
Construction
Experiments and results
Outlook
Luminous dials
From radiation to sound
Radon decay products
Chapter 31 • Short-Wave Regenerative Receiver
Chapter 32 • DRM Double Superhet Receiver
Chapter 33 • Transistor Dip Meter
Chapter 34 • DRM Direct Mixer Using an EF95/6AK5
Chapter 35 • Medium-Wave Modulator
Chapter 36 • EE-ternal Blinker
Chapter 37 • Short-Wave Superregenerative Receiver
Chapter 38 • Short-Wave Converter
Part 2 Microcontroller
Chapter 39 • Microcontroller BootCamp (1)
Arduino and Bascom
For comparison: the NE555 timer IC
Reducing development time
Arduino and Bascom
Your first program
Software: the compiler
The simplest way: use the boot loader
Good job: it works!
Chapter 40 • Microcontroller BootCamp (2)
Digital inputs
Digital inputs
Protection diodes
Reading input states
What makes a high level high?
Switching back and forth
Branching
Reading switch states with a pull-up resistor
Bits and Bytes
Latch-up
Chapter 41 • Microcontroller BootCamp (3)
Serial interface and A/D converter
Print output
Assignments
The A/D converter
A bit of math
Measuring the temperature
Measuring the input hysteresis
External programmer
Chapter 42 • Microcontroller BootCamp (4)
User interfaces
LCD connection
A two-channel voltmeter
PWM outputs
Button polling
Liquid Crystal Displays
MCS Boot Loader
Chapter 43 • Microcontroller BootCamp (5)
Using timers
Measure those microseconds
Measuring the period of a signal
Square wave generator, 125 Hz to 4 MHz
Timer interrupts
Averaging analog readings
Frequency measurement
External display
Chapter 44 • Microcontroller BootCamp (6)
The SPI interface
Port extension with a shift register
Manual data transmission
From microcontroller to microcontroller
SPI EEPROM 25LC512
Data logger
Subroutines
Tip for using the Arduino programmer in Bascom
Chapter 45 • Microcontroller BootCamp (7)
The I2C-Bus
Data transfer and addressing
The PCF8574 port expander
PCA9555 16-bit I/O port
Analog I/O with the PCF8591
Future prospects
Other interesting I²C components
Chapter 46 • Sensors Make Sense (1)
For Arduino et al.
Overview: sensors and actuators
Displaying voltages in Bascom
Measuring voltages with Arduino
Temperature measurement using NTC sensors
RGB LED with joystick control
Laser light control
Chapter 47 • Sensors make Sense (2)
For Arduino and more
Sensors equipped with comparators
Software-based Schmitt trigger
Polling contact sensors
Processing switching signals
Shock sensor
Buzzers and other actuators
Bypass capacitors
Oscillators
Chapter 48 • Sensors Make Sense (3)
For Arduino and more
Arduino software for the 18B20
18B20 in Bascom
Temperature and humidity using the DHT11
DHT11 and Bascom
Infrared remote control
Arduino and IR
The 1-Wire protocol
The RC-5 protocol
Chapter 49 • Sensors Make Sense (4)
For Arduino and more
The tracking sensor
Optical fork sensors
The pulse sensor
Measuring pulses with Bascom
Encoding in Bascom
Chapter 50 • A Beginner’s Guide to Microcontroller Development Kits
The first step is the... easiest!
JOY-iT Nano V3
First impressions
Drive the buzzer with PWM signals
Plotting analogue signals
ISP Programming
NodeMCU (Author: Fabian Kainka)
Unboxing
Flash the latest firmware
Hello World – Lua-Test
Chapter 51 • BBC micro:bit for Electronicists (1)
In bed with mbed
Vital connections
Our first programs
Measuring voltages
Sensors galore
Static numerical display
Chapter 52 • BBC micro:bit for Electronicists (2)
Data acquisition and oscilloscope functions
A USB oscilloscope
Faster sampling by buffering
Wireless transfer of captured data
Mini-oscilloscope with LED display
Chapter 53 • RF Detector using an Arduino
Programmed in Bascom
An LED as a detector diode?
An Integrating Detector
Chapter 54 • Resistance Measurement with the Arduino
Great for testing humidity sensors
Resistance measurement
Circuit optimization
Logarithmic measurement
Chapter 55 • Arduino-Powered AM Transmitter
Broadcast the inductive way on Medium Wave
Microcontroller RF source
Circuit
Software
Operation
Chapter 56 • Security Labels are the Key
Door-entry system using Bascom
Reactivate
Software
Index
