This book focuses on the design of the in-car human–machine interface (HMI) and the design-relevant psychology. It combines a design perspective with an applied theoretical perspective. The design perspective informs the reader about how to set up a design process that puts users at the centre of the design process. The theoretical perspective provides the reader with an understanding of concepts from perception and cognitive psychology, supporting the decision-making in the design process.
This is an ideal book for automotive engineers and practitioners in the automotive industry who face the challenge of designing information and entertainment systems, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automated driving systems (ADS), and the associated HMIs.
Author(s): Fang Chen, Jacques Terken
Series: Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 305
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
Part I Interaction Design for Automotive
1 Introduction
Reference
2 Introduction to Interaction Design
2.1 Misconceptions and Challenges of Interaction Design
2.2 Definition of Interaction Design
2.3 Human-Centred Design
2.4 Usability
2.5 User Experience
2.6 Improving Usability
2.7 Know Your Users
2.8 A Short History
References
Part II Driving Psychology
3 Basic Psychology
3.1 Human Information Processing
3.2 Vision
3.3 Hearing
3.4 The Sense of Touch
3.5 Attention
3.6 Memory
3.7 Mental Models
3.8 Learning
3.9 Decision Making
3.9.1 Decision-Making Process
3.9.2 Choice of Action
3.9.3 Error Classification
3.10 Emotions and Driving
References
4 Mental Load and Fatigue
4.1 About Mental Load
4.2 Measurement of Mental Load and Reserve Capacity
4.3 Mental Load and Stress
4.4 Physiological Correlates of Mental Load
4.5 Psychological Load Testing Methods
4.6 About Driving Fatigue
4.7 Causes of Fatigue
4.8 Effects of Fatigue on Driving
4.9 Fatigue Detection Methods
4.10 Coping with Fatigue
References
5 Situation Awareness, Multi-tasking and Distraction
5.1 The Concept of Situational Awareness
5.1.1 Measuring Situation Awareness
5.2 Multi-tasking
5.2.1 Switching Between Multiple Tasks
5.3 Driving Distraction
5.3.1 Types of Driving Distractions
5.3.2 Effects of Distraction on Driving
5.3.3 Resource Allocation and Workload
5.3.4 Monitoring Distraction
References
6 User Experience
6.1 In-Vehicle User Experience
6.2 Pragmatism and User Experience
6.3 User Experience Theory
6.4 Diversity in UX
6.5 The Temporal Nature of the User Experience
6.6 Post-UX
References
7 Driving Behaviour and Changing Behaviour
7.1 Safety Measures and Behavioural Adaptation
7.2 Driving Styles
7.3 Changing Behaviour
References
Part III Interaction Design/UI Design
8 Interaction Design Theory
8.1 Activity Theory
8.2 Distributed Cognition
8.3 Ecological Interface Design
8.4 Hierarchical Design Theory
8.5 Stages of Action Theory
8.6 User Interface Design Principles
8.7 Guidelines for User Interface Design
References
9 User Interface Design
9.1 User Interface
9.2 Symbol Recognition
9.3 Sound Icons
9.4 Alarms and Warnings
9.5 Gesture Interaction
9.6 Speech Perception
9.7 Anthropomorphism
9.8 Multimodal Interaction
9.9 Infotainment System Design
References
Part IV Design Process and Research Methodology
10 Design Process
10.1 Overview of the Design Process
10.2 Linear Design Process
10.3 V-shaped Process
10.4 User-Centred Design
10.5 Agile Development Methods
10.6 Organisational Design Process
10.7 Rational Design and HCD
10.8 Post-UCD
References
11 Analytic Methods
11.1 The Five Key Elements of User Research
11.2 User Research Methods
11.2.1 User interviews
11.2.2 Focus Groups
11.2.3 Questionnaires
11.2.4 User Observation
11.2.5 The Repertory Grid Technique
11.3 Data Analysis
11.3.1 Thematic Analysis
11.3.2 Card Sorting
11.3.3 Grounded Theory
11.4 User Profiling
11.5 Establishing Requirements
11.6 Use Cases and Scenarios of Use
11.7 Task Analysis
References
12 Generative Methods
12.1 Design Methods
12.1.1 Idea Generation Techniques
12.1.2 Idea Selection Techniques
12.2 Concept Elaboration
12.3 Scenario-Based Design
12.4 Prototyping
12.5 Role-Playing Prototypes
12.6 Standards and Guidelines to Guide Design
12.7 Envisioning
References
13 Validation/Evaluation
13.1 Concept Evaluation
13.2 Interface Assessment
13.3 Checklist
13.4 Heuristic Assessment
13.5 Interface Survey
13.6 Cognitive Walk-Through
13.7 System Usability Scale
13.8 Self-assessment Model
13.9 User Experience Curve
References
14 Driving Simulator Applications
14.1 Uses, Advantages and Disadvantages of Driving Simulators
14.2 Experimental Data Acquisition for the Driving Simulator
14.3 Measurement of Physiological Parameters
14.4 How Do I Choose the Right Driving Simulator?
14.5 Comparison of Simulator Driving and Real Road Driving Results
14.6 Scenario Making
14.7 Psychological Factors in Simulator Driving
14.8 Data Processing Issues in the Driving Simulator
References
15 Behavioural Research Methodology
15.1 Steps in Conducting an Experimental Study
15.2 Development of the Research Hypothesis
15.3 Variables in the Experiment
15.4 Experimental Design
15.5 Data Analysis
15.6 Interaction Effects
15.7 Bias
References
Part V Human Factors of Automated Driving
16 Human Factors of Automated Driving
16.1 The Purpose of Automated Driving
16.2 Human Factors Issues in L1-L2
16.3 Human Factors Issues in L1
16.3.1 Human Factors Issues in L2
16.4 Human Factors Issues in L3-L5
16.4.1 Human Factors Issues in L3
16.4.2 Human Factors Issues in L4 and 5
16.5 Designing Automated Driving Systems
16.5.1 Trust
16.5.2 Transparency
16.5.3 Comfort, Driving Style and Motion Sickness
16.5.4 Shared Control
16.5.5 Skill Loss
16.5.6 Ethics
16.5.7 Usefulness
16.6 Interaction with Other Road Users
References
