Anti-angiogenic Drugs as Chemosensitizers in Cancer Therapy, Volume 19 focuses on the use of anti-angiogenic drugs as sensitizers of tumor cells to the inhibitory activity of antitumor agents. Conventional and novel anti-neoplastic agents (cytotoxic molecules, hormones/antihormones, immunotherapies) are taken into consideration, along with advances made in combination therapies. The book encompasses examples of studies on the use of antiangiogenic compounds―molecules that inhibit the growth of vessels inside a tumor―together with antineoplastic drugs in order to sensitize the resistant tumor to their cytotoxic effects, thus reducing adverse side reactions and resistance and improving the therapeutic response of cancer patients.
In addition, the book discusses clinical applications in various types of cancer, such as colorectal, lung, breast, renal, genitourinary, skin and brain and circulating tumors. It is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, clinicians and members of the biomedical field who wants to be up-to-date on the most recent and promising developments in the field.
Author(s): Lucia Morbidelli
Series: Cancer Sensitizing Agents for Chemotherapy, Volume 18
Publisher: Academic Press
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 283
City: London
Front Matter
Copyright
Dedication
Cover Image Insert
Contributors
Preface
About the Series Editor
About the Volume Editor
Aims and Scope for Series ``Cancer Sensitizing Agents for Chemotherapy´´
Aims and Scope of the Volume
Introduction: How tumor-endothelial cell communication within the tumor microenvironment affects angiogenesis
Introduction
Tumor microenvironment components
Biophysical determinants of TME for the control of angiogenesis
Soluble proangiogenic factors
VEGF
PDGF
FGF
HGF/C-Met
Inflammatory mediators
Other regulatory systems
Angiopoietins/Tie receptors
Endothelin (ET) and endothelin receptors (ETR)
Surface-associated modulators of angiogenesis
Endogenous negative regulators of angiogenesis
Heterogeneity of endothelial component as a modifier of antiangiogenic therapy
Conclusions
References
Antiangiogenic drugs: Chemosensitizers for combination cancer therapy
Introduction
Antiangiogenic drugs
Approved combinatorial regimens with antiangiogenic drugs
Antiangiogenic drugs and chemotherapy
Antiangiogenic drugs and hormonal therapy
Antiangiogenic drugs and target therapies
EGFR
HER2
mTOR
BRCA
ALK
MEK
Antiangiogenic drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors
Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Antiangiogenic agents in the treatment of colorectal, gastric, and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinom
Introduction
Colorectal cancer
Gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
Ramucirumab
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)
Angiogenesis and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)
Conclusions
References
Antiangiogenic drugs as chemosensitizer in renal cell cancer
Introduction
Clinical applications in renal cell cancer
Conclusions
References
Antiangiogenic drugs as chemosensitizer in genitourinary cancer
Introduction
Urothelial cancer
Testicular germ cell tumor
Prostate cancer
Conclusions
References
Antiangiogenic drugs as chemosensitizer in melanoma
Introduction
Insights concerning the molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
Angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2)
Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
Immune cells in microenvironment and angiogenesis
Manipulation of angiogenesis by therapeutic agents in melanoma
Evidence from clinical trials and possible perspectives
Conclusion
References
Antiangiogenic drugs as chemosensitizers in hematological tumors
Introduction
The cross-talk between EPCs and other players in tumor angiogenesis enlights effective drug targets
The antiangiogenic drugs in hematological malignancies
Concluding remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Metronomic chemotherapy and antiangiogenic drugs: Preclinical and clinical data
Introduction
Definition and multiple mechanisms of metronomic chemotherapy
Recent clinical data from randomized phase II-III clinical trials involving metronomic chemotherapy
Antiangiogenic activity of metronomic chemotherapy in preclinical and clinical setting
Combinations of metronomic chemotherapy with antiangiogenic drugs
Preclinical studies on the combination of metronomic chemotherapy and antiangiogenic drugs
Preclinical studies with anti-VEGFR-2 antibody DC101
Preclinical studies with VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Pazopanib
Sorafenib
Evaluation of other antiangiogenic tyrosine-kinase inhibitors
Clinical studies on the combination of metronomic chemotherapy and antiangiogenic drugs
Clinical trials with bevacizumab
Clinical trials with tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Conclusions
References
Resistance to antiangiogenic treatments: A review
Introduction
Basic concepts in angiogenesis and antiangiogenesis
Antiangiogenic treatments and classes of resistance mechanisms
Resistance to antiangiogenic treatments
Causes of antiangiogenic treatment failure
Causes of antiangiogenic treatment failure with low dose metronomic chemotherapy (MCT)
Causes of treatment failure with antiangiogenic therapy
Other angiogenic proteins
Clinical approach to antiangiogenic resistance
Discussion
Intermittent antiangiogenic treatment
Association of antiangiogenic drugs with immunological checkpoint inhibitors
Conclusions
Future perspectives
References
Predictive ``omic´´ biomarkers of drug response: Colorectal cancer as a model
Introduction
Somatic genomics
EGFR-targeted therapy
HER2-targeted therapy
Tyrosine kinase-targeted therapy
Microsatellite instability/mismatch repair-targeted therapy
NTRK fusion-targeted therapy
Germline pharmacogenetics/genomics
Chemical drugs
Biological drugs
Transcriptomics
Epigenomics
DNA methylation and histone deacetylation
Non-coding RNA
MicroRNAs
Long non-coding RNAs
Proteomics
Metabolomics
Discussion and conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
General conclusions and future perspectives
General statements on tumor angiogenesis
Strategies acting on hypoxic, acidic and oxidative environment
Vascular normalizing strategies
Control of lymphocyte trafficking into the TME
Strategies acting on miRNA and epigenetic determinants
Final considerations
References
Index
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