Advances in Sustainable Materials and Technology

Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
Possible Reuse of Excavated Material from Old Open Municipal Dump Sites
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Waste Characterization
3. Remediation of Old Open Dumpsites
4. Microbial Community Involved Waste Degradation on the Landfill
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2
Traffic Monitoring System
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Methodology
Conclusion
Future Scope
References
Chapter 3
Plastic Waste in Pavement
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Review of Literature
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4
A Review on Performance Analysis of Asphalt Concrete with Steel Slag
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Physical Properties of Steel Slag
2.2. Steel Slag Chemical Composition
3. Performance Analysis
3.1. Damage Due to Moisture
3.2. Resistance of Skid on the Surface of the Pavement
3.3. Rutting
3.4. Fatigue
Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 5
Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste in Flexible Pavements: A Review Paper
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Construction and Demolition Waste
1.2. India’s C&D Waste Generation and Management
1.3. Problems Related to C&D Activities
1.4. Utilization of C&D Waste in Highway Construction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Marius-Teodor Muscalu et al. (2011)
2.2. Jiqing Zhu et al. (2011)
2.3. Arulrajah et al. (2012)
2.4. Apurva J. Chavan (2013)
2.5. Shishir Bansal and S. K. Singh (2013)
2.6. Márcio Muniz de Farias et al. (2013)
2.7. Sharma Jitender and Singla Sandeep (2014)
2.8. Md. Aminur Rahman et al. (2014)
2.9. B. Gomez-Meijide et al. (2015)
2.10. Dr. Soosan George et al. (2016)
2.11. Qasrawi Hisham and Asi Ibrahim (2016)
2.12. Saeed Fatemi et al. (2016)
2.13. Muhammad Arshad et al. (2017)
2.14. Research Gaps
3. Materials and Methodology
3.1. General
3.2. Material Used
3.3. Steps to be Performed
3.4. Tests to be Performed
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6
Sustainability and Social Responsibility in the Construction Industry of the United Arab Emirates
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Towards Sustainable Construction
1.2. Sustainable Development within the UAE
1.3. Sustainable Geotechnology
1.4. Sustainability Opportunities
1.5. Barriers in Pursuing Sustainable Construction
2. Method and Data Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Sustainable Projects in the UAE
Conclusion
References
Chapter 7
Usability of Reed (Phragmites australis) as a Concrete Admixture
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Material and Method for Pozzolanic Material
2.1. Cultivated Reed for Pozzolanic Material
2.2. Inorganic Chemical Composition of Reed Ash
2.3. Observing the Surface Shapes of Reed Ash
2.4. Evaluation of Reed Ash Pozzolanic Reaction
2.5. Preparing Materials Under Test
3. Material and Method for the Water Reducing Agent
3.1. Cultivated Reed for the Water Reducing Agent
3.2. Quantitative Determination of the Phenol Group
3.3. Measurement of Water Absorbency for Reed Powder
3.4. Evaluation of Flowability of Mortar Containing Reed Powder
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Reed for Pozzoranic Material Ash Particle Distribution
4.1.1. Reed Ash Particle Distribution
4.1.2. Reed Ash Blending Ratio
4.1.3. Ratio of Silica (SiO2) and Carbon (C) in Reed Ash
4.1.4. Results from a Pozzolanic Reaction Evaluation
4.1.5. Compressive Strength of Reed Ash Mortar
4.2. Reed for Water Reducing Agent
4.2.1. Phenol Quantitative Determination and Water Absorbency Test Results
4.2.2. Result of Mortar Flowability Test
4.2.3. Compressive Strength of Reed Powder Mortar
Challenges and Prospects
Summary and Conclusion
References
Chapter 8
Assessment of Core Soils Vulnerability to Internal Erosion from Three Zoned Dams, under Drought Effect Due to Climate Change
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Dam Description
2.2. Materials
2.3. Test Procedure
3. Results
3.1. Erosion Kinetics and Soil Erodibility
4. Erosion Rate and Soil Erodibility
Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 9
Study of Impact of Nano Silica on Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structures
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Background
1.2. Structural Damages in Reinforced Concrete
1.3. Cracking in Concrete Structures
1.4. Status of Concrete Structures and Their Service Lives
2. Literature Review
3. Research Methodology and Methods for Determining Service Life of Concrete Structures
3.1. Determining the Strength of Concrete on Nano-Scale
Conclusion
References
Chapter 10
Bitumen and Its Recovery Techniques
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Composition of Bitumen and Heavy Oils
3. Ex-Situ Techniques
4. In Situ Techniques
4.1. Chemical Flooding
4.1.1. Polymer Flooding
4.1.2. Surfactant Flooding
4.1.3. Alkaline Flooding
4.1.4. Micellar Flooding
4.1.5. Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) Flooding
4.2. Miscible Displacement
4.2.1. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Miscible Displacement
4.2.2. Nitrogen (N2) Miscible Displacement
4.2.3. Hydrocarbon Miscible Displacement
4.3. Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR)
4.4. Thermal Techniques
4.4.1. Steam Flooding
4.4.2. Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS)
4.4.3. Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD)
4.4.4. In Situ Combustion (ISC)
4.4.5. Combustion Override Split-Production Horizontal Well (COSH)
4.4.6. Electrical Heating Techniques
4.4.7. Toe-to-Heel Air Injection (THAI)
4.5. In Situ Upgrading Process
4.5.1. Catalytic Upgrading Process In Situ (CAPRI)
Conclusion
References
Chapter 11
Diluted Bitumen: Composition and Spill Behaviour
Abstract
Definitions (RSC, 2010)
1. Introduction
1.1. Background
2. A Summary of Oil Composition and Behaviour
2.1. Bitumen
2.2. Condensates
2.3. Diluted Products
2.3.1. Dilbits
2.3.2. Synbits
3. Oil and Petroleum Product Properties
4. Behaviour of Diluted Bitumen
5. Evaporation
5.1. Dilbits
5.2. Synbits
6. Flammability of Dilbits and Synbits
7. Emulsion Formation
Conclusion
References
Editors’ Contact Information
Index
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