PEDOT is currently the most widely used polymeric material in research and development. Over the past 10 years, PEDOT has been investigated for potential organic thermoelectric applications because of its superior thermoelectric and mechanical properties compared with other conductive polymers. However, many challenges remain to be solved before it is translated into key technologies.
Advanced PEDOT Thermoelectric Materials summarizes current progress and the challenges of PEDOT thermoelectric materials, while clarifying directions for future development. This book provides a comprehensive overview of chemical, physical, and technical information about this organic thermoelectric polymer. The authors also give details about the theoretical basis of PEDOT, including preparation and characterization, and its development as a high-performance thermoelectric material.
Author(s): Fengxing Jiang, Congcong Liu, Jingkun Xu
Series: Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 281
City: Cambridge
ADVANCED PEDOT THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS
Copyright
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Abbreviations
Acknowledgments
Biographies
1 . Short history of thermoelectric conjugated PEDOT development
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Evolution of thermoelectric conjugated polymers
1.3 Typical thermoelectric conjugated polymers
1.3.1 Polyacetylene
1.3.2 Polythiophenes
1.3.3 Polyaniline
1.3.4 Polypyrrole
1.3.5 Polycarbazole
1.4 Advantages of PEDOT
1.5 Thermoelectric PEDOT/PEDOT:PSS
1.5.1 Discovery at an early stage
1.5.2 Growth at an exploratory stage
1.5.3 Breakthrough at awaited stage
1.6 Concluding remarks
References
2 . PEDOT preparation, morphology, and electronic structure
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Precursor synthesis
2.2.1 HMEDOT
2.2.1.1 Alkoxysulfonate
2.2.1.2 Alkylcarboxylic
2.3 Polymerization methods
2.3.1 Oxidation polymerization in solution
2.3.2 Electrodeposition
2.3.3 Vapor phase polymerization
2.4 Fabrication techniques for nano-/micro-PEDOT-based thin-film materials
2.4.1 Coating
2.4.2 Printing
2.4.3 Filtration
2.4.4 Gel
2.4.4.1 In situ polymerization
2.4.4.2 Supramolecular self-assembly
2.5 Morphology structure
2.5.1 SEM
2.5.2 TEM
2.5.3 AFM
2.6 Electronic states
2.6.1 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
2.6.2 UV-Vis-NIR absorbance spectroscopy
2.6.3 Raman spectroscopy
2.6.4 GIWAXS
2.7 Concluding remarks
References
3 . Thermoelectric properties of PEDOTs
3.1 Introduction
3.2 From insulator to semimetal
3.3 Thermoelectric power factor
3.3.1 Electrical conductivity of PEDOTs
3.3.1.1 Origin of (σ)
3.3.1.2 Influencing factors on (σ)
3.3.1.3 Methods for improving (σ)
3.3.1.4 Mechanism and characterizations for enhancing (σ)
3.3.2 Thermopower
3.3.3 Power factor
3.4 Thermal conductivity
3.4.1 Electronic thermal conductivity
3.4.2 Lattice thermal conductivity
3.4.3 In-plane and out-of-plane thermal conductivity
3.5 Thermoelectric figure of merit
3.6 Concluding remarks
References
4 . Thermoelectric transport and PEDOT dependence
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Thermoelectric transport theory
4.2.1 Stable geometric structure
4.2.2 Electronic structure
4.2.3 Transport property
4.2.4 Model setup
4.3 Band structure
4.4 Density of states
4.5 Thermoelectric performance dependence
4.5.1 Electrical conductivity and thermopower
4.5.2 Electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity
4.5.3 Thermal conductivity and semicrystalline
4.5.4 Temperature
4.5.5 Carrier concentration and mobility
4.5.6 Order and disorder
4.6 Concluding remarks
References
5 . Optimizing the thermoelectric performance of PEDOTs
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Doping and dedoping
5.2.1 Chemical doping and dedoping
5.2.2 Electrochemical doping and dedoping
5.3 Low dimensionality
5.4 Crystal structure
5.5 Phonon scattering
5.6 Molecular conformation
5.7 Posttreatment
5.7.1 Polar organic solvents
5.7.2 Acids or alkalis
5.7.3 Humidity conditions
5.7.4 Mixture treatments
5.7.5 Multistep processing
5.7.6 Environment-friendly posttreatment
5.8 Concluding remarks
References
6 . Thermoelectric PEDOTs: Derivatives, analogs, and copolymers
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Derivatives
6.3 Analogs
6.4 Copolymers
6.5 Concluding remarks
References
7 . PEDOT-based thermoelectric nanocomposites/hybrids
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Thermoelectric properties of PEDOT/inorganic nanocrystals and composites
7.2.1 TE properties of PEDOT/metal nanoparticle composites
7.2.2 TE properties of PEDOT/inorganic semiconductor composites
7.2.3 TE properties of PEDOT/carbon nanomaterial composites
7.2.4 TE properties of PEDOT-based ternary composites
7.3 Concluding remarks
References
8 . Thermoelectric PEDOT measurement techniques
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Electrical conductivity
8.3 Seebeck coefficient
8.3.1 Static method
8.3.2 Quasi-static method
8.3.3 Analysis of errors
8.4 Thermal conductivity
8.5 Carrier density and mobility
8.5.1 Field effect transistor method
8.5.2 Hall effect method
8.6 Concluding remarks
References
9 . Flexible and wearable thermoelectric PEDOT devices
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Thermoelectric film
9.3 Thermoelectric fiber
9.4 Thermoelectric module
9.4.1 Screen printing
9.4.2 Inkjet printing
9.4.3 Roll-to-roll
9.4.4 Photolithography
9.5 Concluding remarks
References
10 . Challenges and perspectives
References
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
L
M
O
P
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
