AceGamsat - The Organic Chemistry Bible

BASIC AND COMMON FUNCTIONAL GROUPS 1
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY BASICS 1
MOLECULAR REPRESENTATIONS 2
3D BOND-LINE STRUCTURES 5
IDENTIFYING LONE PAIRS OF ELECTRONS 6
RESONANCE 7
HYBRID ORBITALS 8
ALKANES 10
NAMING ALKANES 11
NAMING SUBSTITUENTS 13
CONSTITUTIONAL ISOMERS OF ALKANES 14
NEWMAN PROJECTIONS 15
CYCLOHEXANE AND CHAIR CONFORMATIONS 16
STEREOCHEMISTRY 18
ISOMERISM 18
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS IN STEREOISOMERISM 20
DESIGNATING R AND S 23
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ENANTIOMERS AND DIASTEREOMERS 25
MESO COMPOUNDS 27
FISCHER PROJECTIONS 28
SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS 30
ALKYL HALIDES 30
THE SN2 MECHANISM 31
THE SN1 MECHANISM 33
ELIMINATION REACTIONS: STRUCTURE AND PREPARATION OF ALKENES 38
NOMENCLATURE OF ALKENES 39
STEREOISOMERISM IN ALKENES 40
ELIMINATION REACTIONS 43
E2 REACTIONS 44
E1 REACTIONS 47
ADDITION REACTIONS 49
HYDROHALOGENATION 49
HYDRATION 50
HYDROGENATION 51
HALOGENATION 51
ALKYNES 52
RADICAL REACTIONS 54
ALCOHOLS AND PHENOLS 55
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOLS 56
ACIDITY OF ALCOHOLS AND PHENOLS 56
PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLS USING GRIGNARD REAGENTS 59
SPECTROSCOPY 61
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY 62
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 63
AROMATIC RINGS 69
NOMENCLATURE OF AROMATIC RINGS 69
AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS 72
ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION 72
SULFONATION 72
NITRATION 73
ACTIVATING GROUPS 73
DEACTIVATING GROUPS 74
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 76
INTRODUCTION 76
NOMENCLATURE OF ALDEHYDES 76
NOMENCLATURE OF KETONES 77
PREPARATION OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 78
IMPORTANT REACTIONS OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 80
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS 83
NOMENCLATURE 83
STRUCTURE OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS 84
ACIDITY OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS 84
PREPARATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS 85
REACTIONS OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS 86
AMINES 88
CLASSIFICATION 88
NOMENCLATURE 88
PROPERTIES OF AMINES 89
PREPARATION OF AMINES 90
IMPORTANT REACTIONS OF AMINES 90
AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES, AND PROTEINS 91
INTRODUCTION 91
STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF AMINO ACIDS 92
ACID-BASE PROPERTIES 94
PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS 95
PROTEIN STRUCTURE 97
PROTEIN FUNCTION 98
APPENDIX 101