A Field Guide to Tropical Plant Families

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This book provides an identification system permitting recognition of plant families in all seasons by means of morphological and macroanatomical features which are easily observable, such as bark, exudates, stems and leaves characters. Studies of forest vegetation may differ in their underlying objectives, but they all require taxonomic knowledge. The process of taxonomy begins with an inventory of the flora, which has been based to a large extent on reproduction-related organs, such as flowers and fruits. But, those are often difficult to observe and may not exist in the field at a given time.

Unlike most such guides or keys, this book can be used anywhere in the tropics and provides, in a straightforward two or three-step process, identification to the level of families, which are now circumscribed according to molecular as well as morphological characters in the universally accepted scheme of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.

Plant architecture is not a prerequisite theme for plant identification; however, we think that an introduction to this subject is not out of place in this book (architectural traits are taxonomically sound): it is now time for botanists working in the tropics to have an idea on how the whole organism keeps growing.

Within the family accounts, there is information concerning important economic plants with notes on the larger genera and, particularly helpfully, discussion of families readily confused and how to separate them. Descriptions of the families rely on short diagnosis bolstered by many photographic pictures, lines drawings and extracts from the author’s field books, all showing features of plants as they are found in the forest.


Author(s): Roland Keller
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023

Language: English
Pages: 492
City: Cham

Foreword by David Mabberley
Foreword by Jitka Klimešová
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Author
User Manual and Architectural Concepts
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope of the Book
1.2 Why Consider Families?
1.3 Photos or Drawings?
1.4 Sources and Tests
1.5 Structure of the Book
References
2 How to Use This Book
References
3 Architectural Concepts and Key to the Models
3.1 Concepts and Statements
3.2 Key to the Architectural Models
References
Identification Keys
4 Key to the Groups of Families of Trees and Shrubs
5 Keys to Families of Trees and Shrubs
6 Supplementary Keys
6.2 Key B—Tribes and Main Genera of the Malvaceae
6.3 Key C—Families of the Order Sapindales + Picramniaceae
6.4 Key D—Tribes and Main Genera of the Leguminosae
6.5 Key E—Some Genera of the Rubiaceae
References
7 Keys to the Groups of Families of Lianas and Woody Epiphytes
8 Keys to Families of Lianas and Woody Epiphytes
Description of the Families
9 Acanthaceae to Asteraceae
9.1 Acanthaceae: 36-37-38-56
9.2 Achariaceae: 15-16-18-20-27
9.3 Actinidiaceae: 24-28
9.4 Anacardiaceae: 3-24-28-29-44-C
9.5 Ancistrocladaceae: 54
9.6 Anisophylleaceae: 13-20
9.7 Annonaceae: 10-54
9.8 Apocynaceae: 3-4-53
9.9 Aquifoliaceae: 18
9.10 Araliaceae: 19-26-47-48-49-57
9.11 Araucariaceae: 1-42
9.12 Arecaceae: 1-57 (Monocotyledons)
9.13 Aristolochiaceae: 12-55
9.14 Asteraceae: 21-23-38-40-56
References
10 Bignoniaceae to Buxaceae
10.1 Bignoniaceae: 21-40-43-49-51-52-56-57
10.2 Bixaceae: 2-15-47
10.3 Boraginaceae (incl. Cordiaceae, Ehretiaceae): 20-21-24-25-30
10.4 Burseraceae: 3-46-C
10.5 Buxaceae: 39-44
References
11 Cactaceae to Cycadaceae
11.1 Cactaceae: 21
11.2 Canellaceae (C) + Winteraceae (W): 13-23-29-30
11.3 Capparaceae (incl. Cleomaceae): 8-16-21-22-27-29-30-47
11.4 Caricaceae: 3-20-49
11.5 Casuarinaceae: 37
11.6 Celastraceae: 4-8-13-16-18-21-30-33-34-45-53-54-56
11.7 Chloranthaceae: 32
11.8 Chrysobalanaceae: 2-5-7-8-13
11.9 Clethraceae (CL) + Cyrillaceae (CY): 28-29
11.10 Clusiaceae + Calophyllaceae + Bonnetiaceae + Hypericaceae: 2-3-4-11-13-24-29-38-41-42
11.11 Combretaceae: 21-22-24-30-40-41-56
11.12 Connaraceae: 12-21-48-49-53-57
11.13 Convolvulacaeae: 53-54-57
11.14 Cornaceae (C) + Nyssaceae (N): 13-29
11.16 Cunoniaceae (C) + Brunelliaceae (B): 32-50
11.17 Cycadaceae + Zamiaceae: 1 (Gymnosperms)
11.18 Cyclanthaceae: 1-57 (Monocotyledons)
References
12 Dichapetalaceae to Dipterocarpaceae
12.1 Dichapetalaceae: 7-8-54
12.2 Dilleniaceae: 14-26-28-54
12.3 Dioscoreaceae: 55-56-57 (Monocotyledons)
12.4 Dipterocarpaceae: 2-5-7-8-15-18
References
13 Ebenaceae to Euphorbiaceae
13.1 Ebenaceae: 11-12-40
13.2 Elaeocarpaceae: 15-16-18-27-34
13.3 Ericaceae: 12-13-20-29-30
13.4 Erythropalaceae: 3-12-13
13.5 Erythroxylaceae: 8-32
13.6 Euphorbiaceae + Peraceae: 2-4-6-8-14-16-17-18-19-20-22-27-32-34-47-53-55-A
References
14 Fagaceae
14.1 Fagaceae: 8-9-18
References
15 Gentianaceae to Goupiaceae
15.1 Gentianaceae: 37-38
15.2 Gnetaceae: 36-39-53-56
15.3 Goodeniaceae: 24-29
15.4 Goupiaceae: 9
References
16 Hamamelidaceae to Humiriaceae
16.1 Hamamelidaceae: 5-6-8-19-29 (incl. Altingiaceae)
16.2 Hernandiaceae: 20-55-57
16.3 Huaceae: 8
16.4 Humiriaceae: 9-13-22-30
References
17 Icacinaceae s.l. to Irvingiaceae
17.1 Icacinaceae s.l. (Icacinaceae s.str. I + Metteniusaceae M + Stemonuraceae S) + Cardiopteridaceae C: 12-13-25-30-44-54-56
17.2 Irvingiaceae: 5
18 Juglandaceae
18.1 Juglandaceae: 48
References
19 Lamiaceae to Lythraceae
19.1 Lamiaceae: 35-38-39-43-44-45-51-52-56
19.2 Lauraceae: 12-20-21-23-24-29-30-39-44
19.3 Lecythidaceae: 9-10-13-15-18-25-29
19.4 Leguminosae—Introduction
19.5 Leguminosae–Cercideae–Cassieae–Detarieae–Caesalpinieae: 47-48-55-D
19.6 Leguminosae–Mimoseae–Acacieae–Ingeae: 20-30-46-57-D
19.7 Leguminosae–Papilionoideae: 2-6-8-9-46-47-50-53-54-57-D
19.8 Linaceae–Hugonioideae (H) + Ixonanthaceae: 13-18-29-30-54 (I)
19.9 Loganiaceae + Gelsemiaceae: 32-33-35-38-56
19.10 Lythraceae: 33-37-38-41
References
20 Magnoliaceae to Myrtaceae
20.1 Magnoliaceae: 5-14
20.2 Malpighiaceae: 4-17-33-40-44-56
20.3 Malvaceae: 5-6-8-14-15-47-55-B
20.4 Marcgraviaceae: 13-54
20.5 Melastomataceae: 35-37-39-41-44
20.6 Meliaceae: 12-24-48-51-C
20.7 Menispermaceae: 19-55-57
20.8 Monimiaceae s.l.: 40-44-45
20.9 Montiniaceae: 44
20.10 Moraceae: 2-4
20.11 Moringaceae: 48
20.12 Muntingiaceae: 6
20.13 Myricaceae: 30
20.14 Myristicaceae: 3-12
20.15 Myrtaceae: 4-23-39-40-41-42-44
References
21 Nyctaginaceae
21.1 Nyctaginaceae: 36-41-44-56
Reference
22 Ochnaceae to Oxalidaceae
22.1 Ochnaceae: 8-9-18-34-50
22.2 Olacaceae (incl. Schoepfiaceae): 12-13-21
22.3 Oleaceae: 35-40-44-45-51-52-56-57
22.4 Opiliaceae: 13-30
22.5 Oxalidaceae: 27-48-49-54
Reference
23 Pandaceae to Putranjivaceae
23.1 Pandaceae: 8-A
23.2 Pandanaceae: 1-54 (Monocotyledons)
23.3 Passifloraceae: 6-7-17-22-55-57
23.4 Pentaphylacaceae: 12-23-29-30
23.5 Phyllanthaceae: 2-3-7-8-27-47
23.6 Physenaceae: 30
23.7 Phytolaccaceae (incl. Petiveriaceae): 30-54
23.8 Picrodendraceae: 31-33-44-49-52-A
23.9 Pinaceae: 1-37 (Gymnosperms)
23.10 Piperaceae: 13-20
23.11 Pittosporaceae: 29
23.12 Poaceae (Bambuseae): 1 (Monocotyledons)
23.13 Podocarpaceae: 1
23.14 Polygalaceae: 11-54
23.15 Polygonaceae: 5-14-54
23.16 Primulaceae: 11–23-29
23.17 Proteaceae: 25-44-45-48
23.18 Putranjivaceae: 8-9-13-A
References
24 Rhabdodendraceae to Rutaceae
24.1 Rhabdodendraceae: 23
24.2 Rhamnaceae: 6-8-9-17-18-31-32-33-54-55-56
24.3 Rhizophoraceae: 32-33-34
24.4 Rosaceae: 7-11-15-46
24.5 Rubiaceae: 32-56-E
References
25 Sabiaceae to Symplocaceae
25.1 Sabiaceae: 25-30-48-54
25.2 Salicaceae (incl. Lacistemataceae): 6-7-8-9-13-17-18-22-30
25.3 Santalaceae (S) + Loranthaceae (L): 12-30-37-44
25.5 Sapotaceae: 2-3-4-24
25.6 Schisandraceae: 23
25.7 Simaroubaceae (S) + Picramniaceae (P): 11-21-29-46-48-C
25.8 Smilacaceae: 55 (Monocotyledons)
25.9 Solanaceae: 11-12-21-30-54
25.10 Styracaceae: 12-22
25.11 Surianaceae: 21
25.12 Symplocaceae: 30
References
26 Tetramelaceae to Torricelliaceae
26.1 Tetramelaceae: 20
26.2 Theaceae: 12-29-30
26.3 Thymelaeaceae: 10-25-44-54-56
26.4 Torricelliaceae: 26
Reference
27 Ulmaceae s.l. to Urticaceae
27.1 Ulmaceae (U) + Cannabaceae (C): 5-6-8-31
27.2 Urticaceae: 2-6-14-15-31-47
Reference
28 Verbenaceae to Vochysiaceae
28.1 Verbenaceae + Callicarpa: 23-35-38-40-41-44-56
28.2 Violaceae: 8-9-18-33-34-54
28.3 Vitaceae: 5-6-14-46-47-55-57
28.4 Vochysiaceae: 33-42
References
29 Zygophyllaceae s.l. (incl. Balanitaceae)
29.1 Zygophyllaceae (incl. Balanitaceae): 48–50
30 Herbaceous Versus Arborescent Habit in the Families and Orders of Flowering Plants—Evolutionary Trends
30.1 A Diagrammatic Representation of Angiosperm Evolution
30.2 References to Phylogenetic Studies
30.3 Discussion and Hypothesis
References
Appendix_1
Index