Modern French Grammar: A Practical Guide

Book Cover
Half-Title
Title
Copyright
Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction
How to use this book
I The noun group
1 Articles
2 The definite article
3 The indefinite article
4 The partitive article
5 Demonstrative adjectives
6 Demonstrative pronouns
7 Possessive adjectives
8 Possessive pronouns
9 Nouns
10 Adjectives
11 Indefinite adjectives, pronouns and adverbs
12 Personal pronouns
13 Reflexive pronouns
14 Emphatic pronouns; position and order of pronouns
15 Relative pronouns
16 Interrogative pronouns, adjectives and adverbs
17 Cardinal and ordinal numbers (see 49.4, 49.7)
18 Fractions (see 49.7)
19 Approximate quantities (see 49.7)
20 Dimensions (see 49.6)
21 Adverbs of quantity (see 4.3, 49.7)
II The verb group
22 Agreement of verb and subject
23 Formation of tenses
24 The indicative tenses; the present tense
25 The future tense
26 The imperfect tense
27 The past historic
28 The compound tenses
29 How the perfect is used
30 How the future perfect is used
31 How the pluperfect is used
32 How the past anterior is used
33 The conditional and the conditional perfect
34 The subjunctive
35 The present subjunctive
36 The imperfect subjunctive
37 The perfect subjunctive
38 The pluperfect subjunctive
39 Sequence of tenses; uses of the subjunctive
40 Reflexive verbs
41 The passive
42 The past participle
43 The present participle
44 The imperative
45 The infinitive
46 Impersonal verbs
47 Adverbs
48 Prepositions
III Exposition
49 Referring to people, things and places
49.1 Physical characteristics
49.2 Personality
49.3 Relationships
49.4 Age
49.5 Ownership
49.6 Dimensions (see 20)
49.7 Quantity and number (see 21, 17)
49.8 Quality
49.9 Comparison (see 10.10–12)
49.10 Directions
49.11 Location
49.12 Manner (see 47.1–47.2.2)
50 Narrating
50.1 Present time (see 24.3, 24.7)
50.2 Past time
50.3 Future time (see 25.3)
50.4 Dates and time (see 2.4c)
50.5 Sequence
51 Reporting
52 Asking questions
53 Negating (see 47.7–47.13)
IV Attitude
54 Greeting and leave-taking
54.1 Greeting
54.2 Leave-taking
55 Expressing congratulations and appreciation
55.1 Congratulations
55.2 Appreciation
56 Expressing apologies and sympathy
56.1 Apologies
56.2 Sympathy
57 Expressing surprise and disgust
57.1 Surprise
57.2 Disgust
58 Expressing contrasting attitudes, emotions, feelings
58.1 Likes and dislikes
58.2 Preference
59 Love and hate
60 Enthusiasm and indifference
61 Hopes, fears and regrets
62 Approval and disapproval
V Argumentation
63 Agreeing and disagreeing
63.1 Agreeing
63.2 Disagreeing
63.3 Agreeing to differ
64 Asserting and confirming
64.1 Asserting
64.2 Confirming
65 Admitting and conceding
65.1 Admitting
65.2 Conceding
66 Correcting and protesting
67 Contradicting and criticizing
68 Suggesting and persuading
68.1 Suggesting
68.2 Persuading someone to think the way you do
68.3 Persuading someone to do/not to do something
68.4 Other ways of persuading and dissuading
69 Expressing volition
69.1 Verbs expressing volition
69.2 Wishing and intending
69.3 Asking what someone intends
69.4 Asking someone for something
69.5 Expressing (un)willingness to act upon request
69.6 Deliberate or non-deliberate actions
69.7 Saying what you do not want
70 Expressing permission and obligation
70.1 Permission
70.2 Prohibition
70.3 Obligation
70.4 Exemption
71 Expressing doubt and certainty
71.1 Doubt and certainty
71.2 Possibility and probability
71.3 Condition and hypothesis
72 Expressing logical relations
72.1 Cause—explicit
72.2 Cause—implicit
72.3 Consequence—explicit
72.4 Consequence—implicit
72.5 Aim
73 Expressing opposition
74 Structuring
74.1 Beginning
74.2 Continuing
74.3 Ending
VI The sounds of French
75 Vowels
76 Nasal vowels
77 Semi-vowels/semi-consonants
78 Consonants
79 Accents, cedilla, diaeresis
80 Liaison
81 Elision
Verb tables
Index of grammar structures and functions